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<p>This study explores the structural, mechanical, and photon attenuation properties of metakaolin-based geopolymers doped with bismuth oxide (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) for potential photon and neutron attenuation applications. Geopolymer samples containing 0, 10, and 20 wt.% Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, coded GEO, GEO-10Bi, and GEO-20Bi, were produced by cold isostatic pressing and sintered at 1100&#xa0;°C. Phase composition, microstructure, density, and hardness were investigated alongside photon and fast neutron attenuation parameters. The results show that increasing Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content improves densification and hardness while notably enahncing photon attenuation performance across a wide energy range (0.015–15&#xa0;MeV). Conversely, fast neutron (<i>Σ</i><sub><i>R</i></sub><i>)</i> shielding capability declines with increased Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> addition owing to the reduction of light-element content in the matrix. Among the investigated compositions, the geopolymer containing 20 wt.% Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (GEO-20Bi) displayed better photon attenuation characteristics. These findings show that Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-doped geopolymers are potential lead-free materials for gamma and X-ray shielding applications, while undoped geopolymers (GEO) are more suited for neutron attenuation.</p>

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Structural, mechanical and photon attenuation characteristics of kaolinite-based geopolymers doped with Bi2O3 for shielding applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Z. A. Alrowaili,
  • Mine Kirkbinar,
  • S. S. Owoeye,
  • Halil Arslan,
  • Jamila S. Alzahrani,
  • M. S. Al-Buriahi

摘要

This study explores the structural, mechanical, and photon attenuation properties of metakaolin-based geopolymers doped with bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) for potential photon and neutron attenuation applications. Geopolymer samples containing 0, 10, and 20 wt.% Bi2O3, coded GEO, GEO-10Bi, and GEO-20Bi, were produced by cold isostatic pressing and sintered at 1100 °C. Phase composition, microstructure, density, and hardness were investigated alongside photon and fast neutron attenuation parameters. The results show that increasing Bi2O3 content improves densification and hardness while notably enahncing photon attenuation performance across a wide energy range (0.015–15 MeV). Conversely, fast neutron (ΣR) shielding capability declines with increased Bi2O3 addition owing to the reduction of light-element content in the matrix. Among the investigated compositions, the geopolymer containing 20 wt.% Bi2O3 (GEO-20Bi) displayed better photon attenuation characteristics. These findings show that Bi2O3-doped geopolymers are potential lead-free materials for gamma and X-ray shielding applications, while undoped geopolymers (GEO) are more suited for neutron attenuation.