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<p>The rapid development of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system has brought convenience to humanity. However, compared with the 4G mobile signal, the transmission distance of 5G signal is shorter and its coverage ability is weaker. It is easily reflected or absorbed by cement-based materials. In addition to establish a large number of costly 5G communication base stations, improving the electromagnetic transmission performance of cement-based materials has become one of the necessary research directions. The addition of waste silica gel powder (WSGP) is investigated as a method to enhance the electromagnetic transmission properties of sulphoaluminate cement-based composites. The fluidity, mechanical strength, and electromagnetic performance of the modified composites is evaluated. A finite element model is also established using COMSOL multiphysics to simulate the electromagnetic transmission behavior. The experimental results show that as the proportion of WSGP increases, the porosity and the large pore diameters proportion of the samples increase, while the mechanical strength decreases, and the electromagnetic transmission performance is improved. Specifically, within the 3.94–5.99 GHz frequency range, electromagnetic transmittivity improved by 10.22% to 24.10%, with the optimal 10 wt% content achieving a peak transmittance of 67.77%, the compressive strength remains at 56 MPa, and the flexural strength is 8.1 MPa. The numerical simulation results show that when the dosage of WSGP increases, the electric field strength at the exit end of the electromagnetic wave increases first and then decreases, which is consistent with the change of the transmission coefficient. Additionally, the conductive losses reduced by 41.60%–64.91%. These results suggest that WSGP effectively reduces electromagnetic losses, making it a promising modifier to enhance electromagnetic performance. Furthermore, the homogeneous finite element model can also effectively display the distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field.</p>

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Mechanism study on the effects of waste silica gel powder on the strength and electromagnetic transmission properties of sulphoaluminate cement paste

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Yue Li,
  • Cheng Hua,
  • Jianglin Liu,
  • Hui Lin,
  • Caiyun Jin,
  • Bingxu Duan,
  • Bin Yang

摘要

The rapid development of the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system has brought convenience to humanity. However, compared with the 4G mobile signal, the transmission distance of 5G signal is shorter and its coverage ability is weaker. It is easily reflected or absorbed by cement-based materials. In addition to establish a large number of costly 5G communication base stations, improving the electromagnetic transmission performance of cement-based materials has become one of the necessary research directions. The addition of waste silica gel powder (WSGP) is investigated as a method to enhance the electromagnetic transmission properties of sulphoaluminate cement-based composites. The fluidity, mechanical strength, and electromagnetic performance of the modified composites is evaluated. A finite element model is also established using COMSOL multiphysics to simulate the electromagnetic transmission behavior. The experimental results show that as the proportion of WSGP increases, the porosity and the large pore diameters proportion of the samples increase, while the mechanical strength decreases, and the electromagnetic transmission performance is improved. Specifically, within the 3.94–5.99 GHz frequency range, electromagnetic transmittivity improved by 10.22% to 24.10%, with the optimal 10 wt% content achieving a peak transmittance of 67.77%, the compressive strength remains at 56 MPa, and the flexural strength is 8.1 MPa. The numerical simulation results show that when the dosage of WSGP increases, the electric field strength at the exit end of the electromagnetic wave increases first and then decreases, which is consistent with the change of the transmission coefficient. Additionally, the conductive losses reduced by 41.60%–64.91%. These results suggest that WSGP effectively reduces electromagnetic losses, making it a promising modifier to enhance electromagnetic performance. Furthermore, the homogeneous finite element model can also effectively display the distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field.