Lightweight rigid MWCNT/Co@C/rGO/PMI composite foam achieves broadband electromagnetic wave absorption
摘要
The aerospace, military stealth, and 5G communication fields have raised new requirements for multifunctional materials. In this study, a rigid MWCNT/Co@C/rGO/PMI composite foam (MCGP) was prepared using a UV light-initiated in-situ copolymerization hot air foaming method. The sandwich structure of MOF-GO-MOF, after calcination, achieved a uniform dispersion of magnetic Co particles and formed rich hetero interfaces. The 0D Co@C, 1D MWCNT, and 2D rGO formed a multi-dimensional filler system, and the magnetic-electrical synergy and isotropy bubble structure jointly optimized the impedance matching, and multiple loss mechanisms enhanced the absorbing performance. The results showed that M20C20/PMI achieved a RL value of -68.26 dB at a frequency of 8.92 GHz and a thickness of 40mm, and the EAB covered the full frequency band of 2—18 GHz. The RCS value of M25C15/PMI reached a minimum of -45.82 dB·m2. Notably, by carefully adjusting the proportion of fillers, the five MCGP composite foams prepared in this study all had a minimum RL value of < -55 dB, basically meeting the requirements of each absorption frequency band. In addition, the MCGP composite foams are lightweight (28.30 kg/m3), have high strength (0.50 MPa), heat insulation (0.02856 W/(m·K)), and infrared stealth characteristics, making them promising as a new generation of integrated structural–functional protective materials.