Microwave absorbing graphite–carbon/epoxy composites filled with polyaniline and graphene oxide for stealth application
摘要
This study was carried out to overcome the challenge of enhancing electromagnetic wave absorption in X-band performance in polymer-based composites without compromising the strength. The sandwich-structured multilayer polymer composite samples were developed using carbon graphite as the base plate and centre core, carbon mat as fibre reinforcement on both sides, polyaniline and graphene oxide as conductive filler material, epoxy as the matrix and Triethylamine (TEA) as accelerator. The samples are named as EPGCT-1, EPGCT-2, EPGCT-3, and EPGCT-4. Electromagnetic characterization like shielding effects and absorption behaviour of the fabricated polymer composites was assessed using vector network analysis, and the corresponding shielding parameters, including shielding effect due to reflection (SER), shielding effect due to absorption (SEA), total shielding effectiveness (SET), and reflection loss (RL), were obtained from S-parameters. Morphological characteristics were analysed using scanning electron microscopy, while dielectric and magnetic properties were analysed through impedance measurements. Among the specimens, EPGCT-4 exhibited the absorption coefficient (A ≈ 0.0828) and the reflection loss (RL ≈ − 0.57133 dB), suggesting better impedance matching and dielectric attenuation. The presence of PANI and GO, together with carbon fibre and graphite, improves dielectric loss. These developed composites demonstrate promising capability for EMI shielding and stealth applications. SEM analysis exposed a more homogeneous dispersion of conductive fillers within the matrix for EPGCT-4, which is accredited to its improved electromagnetic performance and is suitable for stealth applications. The results indicate that optimising the TEA accelerator and GO/PANI filler distribution in polymer composites significantly enhances electromagnetic absorption and shielding properties.