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<p>This study explore the eco-friendly synthesis and characterization of ZnO and titanium-doped ZnO nanocomposites via a cow urine-assisted combustion method. Samples with 9 and 12 at.% Ti were examined to assess doping effects on structural, morphological, vibrational, and photoluminescence properties for optoelectronic applications. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed hexagonal wurtzite ZnO, with formation of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>11</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O phase emerging at 9 at.% Ti. Crystallite size decreased from 68&#xa0;nm (pure ZnO) to ~ 25&#xa0;nm upon doping, indicating dopant-induced lattice strain. FESEM revealed morphological changes from nanoflowers (ZnO) to nanoflakes/hybrids (doped samples). UV–Vis spectroscopy showed a blue shift in absorption edges due to the Burstein–Moss effect and due to formation of H<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub>O<sub>11</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O phase. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) detected Zn–O and Ti–O vibrational modes, E2 mode suppression, and evidence of structural distortion. Photoluminescence exhibited a blue shift in near band-edge emission (NBE) (398&#xa0;nm to 387&#xa0;nm at 9 at.% Ti), intensity reduction, and asymmetry from electron–phonon coupling. Visible defect emissions (451–493&#xa0;nm) varied with Ti content. Results demonstrate tunable optical properties of ZnO through green doping approaches, with potential in sensing applications.</p>

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Role of titanium oxide on structural and photoluminescence properties of ZnO

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • K. Srinivasarao,
  • J. N. Pavan Kumar Chintala,
  • Sivarama Krishna Lakkaboyana,
  • Reddi Mohan Naidu Kalla,
  • Muzaffar Iqbal

摘要

This study explore the eco-friendly synthesis and characterization of ZnO and titanium-doped ZnO nanocomposites via a cow urine-assisted combustion method. Samples with 9 and 12 at.% Ti were examined to assess doping effects on structural, morphological, vibrational, and photoluminescence properties for optoelectronic applications. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed hexagonal wurtzite ZnO, with formation of H2Ti5O11H2O phase emerging at 9 at.% Ti. Crystallite size decreased from 68 nm (pure ZnO) to ~ 25 nm upon doping, indicating dopant-induced lattice strain. FESEM revealed morphological changes from nanoflowers (ZnO) to nanoflakes/hybrids (doped samples). UV–Vis spectroscopy showed a blue shift in absorption edges due to the Burstein–Moss effect and due to formation of H2Ti5O11H2O phase. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR) detected Zn–O and Ti–O vibrational modes, E2 mode suppression, and evidence of structural distortion. Photoluminescence exhibited a blue shift in near band-edge emission (NBE) (398 nm to 387 nm at 9 at.% Ti), intensity reduction, and asymmetry from electron–phonon coupling. Visible defect emissions (451–493 nm) varied with Ti content. Results demonstrate tunable optical properties of ZnO through green doping approaches, with potential in sensing applications.