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<p>To address the susceptibility of porous Silica (SiO₂) antireflection coatings to ultraviolet (UV) degradation, this study introduces a dual-functional strategy incorporating methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) as a porogen and lanthanum nitrate (La(NO₃)₃) as a UV-blocking agent via a sol–gel approach. Systematic investigations revealed that La(NO₃)₃ incorporation synergistically optimizes film architecture and spectral performance. Notably, the average transmittance of optimized films (0.3 wt% La<sup>3</sup>⁺) in the 400–1100&#xa0;nm range reached 93.1%, exhibiting a 4.57 percentage point enhancement compared to blank glass substrates (T<sub>ave</sub> = 88.5%). Mechanical characterization confirmed robustness, with a pencil hardness of 9 H and adhesive strength exceeding industry standards (tape-tearing grade 0). Furthermore, accelerated aging tests (5000 equivalent solar hours, ESHs) demonstrated superior photostability: while pristine films suffered a 1.22 percentage point transmittance loss, La<sup>3+</sup>-doped films retained 92.25% transmittance with minimal degradation (0.85 percentage point). Notably, the pencil hardness only decreased by 1 H (from 9 to 8 H) while maintaining a tape-tearing adhesion grade of 0. The enhanced UV resistance arises from La<sup>3</sup>⁺-induced surface passivation and UV photon scattering in the short-wavelength regime, effectively mitigating photooxidative damage. This work advances the development of durable, transparent UV-blocking coatings for optoelectronic and architectural applications.</p>

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Lanthanum element enhances the UV resistance and anti-reflection properties of sol–gel prepared SiO₂ films

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Xiang Zhou,
  • Yonghong Wu,
  • Zhaorui Li,
  • Zhihang Shang,
  • Shihao Zhu,
  • Lifang Nie,
  • Juncheng Liu

摘要

To address the susceptibility of porous Silica (SiO₂) antireflection coatings to ultraviolet (UV) degradation, this study introduces a dual-functional strategy incorporating methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) as a porogen and lanthanum nitrate (La(NO₃)₃) as a UV-blocking agent via a sol–gel approach. Systematic investigations revealed that La(NO₃)₃ incorporation synergistically optimizes film architecture and spectral performance. Notably, the average transmittance of optimized films (0.3 wt% La3⁺) in the 400–1100 nm range reached 93.1%, exhibiting a 4.57 percentage point enhancement compared to blank glass substrates (Tave = 88.5%). Mechanical characterization confirmed robustness, with a pencil hardness of 9 H and adhesive strength exceeding industry standards (tape-tearing grade 0). Furthermore, accelerated aging tests (5000 equivalent solar hours, ESHs) demonstrated superior photostability: while pristine films suffered a 1.22 percentage point transmittance loss, La3+-doped films retained 92.25% transmittance with minimal degradation (0.85 percentage point). Notably, the pencil hardness only decreased by 1 H (from 9 to 8 H) while maintaining a tape-tearing adhesion grade of 0. The enhanced UV resistance arises from La3⁺-induced surface passivation and UV photon scattering in the short-wavelength regime, effectively mitigating photooxidative damage. This work advances the development of durable, transparent UV-blocking coatings for optoelectronic and architectural applications.