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<p>A rapid growth of high-frequency electronic devices has increased demand for multifunctional materials development, and the materials are expected to provide both structural integrity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The existing fiber composites lack to minimize cost, and sustainability leads to identifying alternatives without compromising the electrical performances. As an attempt, the present study reports the performances and challenges of a novel multifunctional hybrid composite development which integrates the functionalized natural jute fiber and carbon fiber (CF) in an alternate fiber layer orientation (90°), combined with functionalized epoxy matrix (optimized GNP concentration). A dual-stage functionalization of jute fiber combines the electroless plating process. The hybrid fiber composites are fabricated using hand layup technique and cured at room temperature. The performances are measured by the surface and thickness resistivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness using the Keysight 9374A. The proposed hybrid fiber composite demonstrated a distinct directional dependency in thickness conductivity, where the warp–warp configuration (23.08 S/cm) significantly outperformed the warp–weft electrode orientation. The surface electrical conductivity attained a superior value of 23.69 S/cm. Also, in the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), a maximum magnetic wave absorption of 85% and a total EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 79.84&#xa0;dB in the X-band (8–12&#xa0;GHz) frequency were found. The findings have proved that functionalized natural fibers can effectively replace a portion of synthetic fiber reinforcements, offering a high-performance and sustainable alternative for advanced EMI shielding applications in communication systems and defense domains.</p>

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Experimental investigation on multifunctional natural fiber in hybrid composite through thickness/surface electrical conductivity and magnetic wave performances

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Arulmurugan Perumal,
  • Prabu Krishnasamy

摘要

A rapid growth of high-frequency electronic devices has increased demand for multifunctional materials development, and the materials are expected to provide both structural integrity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The existing fiber composites lack to minimize cost, and sustainability leads to identifying alternatives without compromising the electrical performances. As an attempt, the present study reports the performances and challenges of a novel multifunctional hybrid composite development which integrates the functionalized natural jute fiber and carbon fiber (CF) in an alternate fiber layer orientation (90°), combined with functionalized epoxy matrix (optimized GNP concentration). A dual-stage functionalization of jute fiber combines the electroless plating process. The hybrid fiber composites are fabricated using hand layup technique and cured at room temperature. The performances are measured by the surface and thickness resistivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness using the Keysight 9374A. The proposed hybrid fiber composite demonstrated a distinct directional dependency in thickness conductivity, where the warp–warp configuration (23.08 S/cm) significantly outperformed the warp–weft electrode orientation. The surface electrical conductivity attained a superior value of 23.69 S/cm. Also, in the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), a maximum magnetic wave absorption of 85% and a total EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 79.84 dB in the X-band (8–12 GHz) frequency were found. The findings have proved that functionalized natural fibers can effectively replace a portion of synthetic fiber reinforcements, offering a high-performance and sustainable alternative for advanced EMI shielding applications in communication systems and defense domains.