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<p>Because of their importance in environmental monitoring and health diagnostics, small and responsive gas detection devices are quickly becoming a demand. This study details the production of a new hybrid nanocomposite sensor that uses tungsten trioxide (WO<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles embedded in a PEDOT:PSS matrix. Combining hydrothermal synthesis with ultrasonic diffusion methods allowed for the engineering of the composite film. According to X-ray diffraction, the (002) reflection plane dominates the monoclinic crystal structure of WO<sub>3</sub>, and the estimated crystallite dimensions for pure WO₃ are 21.3&#xa0;nm, while for the WO₃–PEDOT:PSS composite, they are 29.1&#xa0;nm. Scanning electron microscopy surface images showed a uniform arrangement of nanoparticles and compact domains, while energy-dispersive spectroscopy showed a ratio of 34.79% WO<sub>3</sub> to 65.31% PEDOT:PSS. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption testing showed that adding WO₃ increased the surface area from 101.5 to 176.5 m<sup>2</sup>/g. At room temperature (27&#xa0;°C), the hybrid film showed a baseline resistance of around 870 Ω and a significant increase in conductivity to 1995 S cm⁻<sup>1</sup>, compared to 10 S cm⁻<sup>1</sup> in pure PEDOT:PSS. The sensor quickly responded (25&#xa0;s) and recovered (45&#xa0;s), reaching a maximum response magnitude of 8.6 to 1000&#xa0;ppb methane. The system’s sensitivity remained 9.8 even at doses below 1&#xa0;ppm, indicating a nearly linear relationship from 20 to 1000&#xa0;ppb. Stability tests proved that performance remained over a 60-day period, and selectivity studies revealed that SO<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, NO, and NH<sub>4</sub> gases were not a major influence. This hybrid device has shown promise as a room-temperature, low-power methane detector for ambient diagnostics and industrial security, and our results confirm that promise.</p>

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High performance of methane gas sensor-based porous tungsten oxide- poly(3,4-thylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) hybrid nanocomposite thin films gas sensors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • V. T. Srisuvetha

摘要

Because of their importance in environmental monitoring and health diagnostics, small and responsive gas detection devices are quickly becoming a demand. This study details the production of a new hybrid nanocomposite sensor that uses tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles embedded in a PEDOT:PSS matrix. Combining hydrothermal synthesis with ultrasonic diffusion methods allowed for the engineering of the composite film. According to X-ray diffraction, the (002) reflection plane dominates the monoclinic crystal structure of WO3, and the estimated crystallite dimensions for pure WO₃ are 21.3 nm, while for the WO₃–PEDOT:PSS composite, they are 29.1 nm. Scanning electron microscopy surface images showed a uniform arrangement of nanoparticles and compact domains, while energy-dispersive spectroscopy showed a ratio of 34.79% WO3 to 65.31% PEDOT:PSS. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption testing showed that adding WO₃ increased the surface area from 101.5 to 176.5 m2/g. At room temperature (27 °C), the hybrid film showed a baseline resistance of around 870 Ω and a significant increase in conductivity to 1995 S cm⁻1, compared to 10 S cm⁻1 in pure PEDOT:PSS. The sensor quickly responded (25 s) and recovered (45 s), reaching a maximum response magnitude of 8.6 to 1000 ppb methane. The system’s sensitivity remained 9.8 even at doses below 1 ppm, indicating a nearly linear relationship from 20 to 1000 ppb. Stability tests proved that performance remained over a 60-day period, and selectivity studies revealed that SO2, CO2, NO, and NH4 gases were not a major influence. This hybrid device has shown promise as a room-temperature, low-power methane detector for ambient diagnostics and industrial security, and our results confirm that promise.