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<p>Fe/Mn-based layered oxides are promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. However, poor moisture stability severely limits their practical application. In this work, the influence of water immersion on the structural integrity and electrochemical behavior of P2-type Na<sub>0.67</sub>Fe<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cathode material was systematically investigated. Water immersion did not induce a bulk phase transformation of the layered framework. Instead, immersion in water promoted the formation of FeOOH-like surface oxyhydroxide species. Consequently, significant electrochemical performance deterioration was observed. The degradation was characterized by aggravated polarization, suppressed rate capability, and accelerated capacity fading. Kinetic analyses further revealed increased charge-transfer resistance and diffusion-related impedance, indicating hindered Na⁺ transport after water immersion. Overall, surface changes dominated the moisture-induced performance decay of layered oxide cathodes.</p>

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Destabilization characteristics and electrochemical study of Na0.67Mn0.5Fe0.5O2 cathode material for sodium-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Chao Hu,
  • Dengmei Zhou,
  • Yu Zhou,
  • Rui Peng,
  • Liangliang Tian,
  • Guangzhuang Sun

摘要

Fe/Mn-based layered oxides are promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. However, poor moisture stability severely limits their practical application. In this work, the influence of water immersion on the structural integrity and electrochemical behavior of P2-type Na0.67Fe0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material was systematically investigated. Water immersion did not induce a bulk phase transformation of the layered framework. Instead, immersion in water promoted the formation of FeOOH-like surface oxyhydroxide species. Consequently, significant electrochemical performance deterioration was observed. The degradation was characterized by aggravated polarization, suppressed rate capability, and accelerated capacity fading. Kinetic analyses further revealed increased charge-transfer resistance and diffusion-related impedance, indicating hindered Na⁺ transport after water immersion. Overall, surface changes dominated the moisture-induced performance decay of layered oxide cathodes.