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<p>Thermoluminescent (TL) materials are widely used in radiation dosimetry due to their high sensitivity, stability, and reusability. In the present study, the thermoluminescence properties of K<sub>2</sub>Mg(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> phosphor co-doped with Dy<sup>3</sup>⁺ and Na<sup>+</sup> ions were investigated under <i>γ</i>-ray irradiation. The phosphor was synthesized using a conventional high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of a single-phase crystalline structure, while scanning electron microscopy revealed well-defined grain morphology with an average particle size of ~ 0.44&#xa0;µm. The Dy<sup>3</sup>⁺-doped sample exhibited a single TL glow peak at 166&#xa0;°C, whereas Na<sup>+</sup> co-doping resulted in two well-resolved glow peaks at 166&#xa0;°C and 246&#xa0;°C, indicating the formation of additional trapping centers. The optimized composition K<sub>2</sub>Mg(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>:0.5&#xa0;mol% Dy<sup>3+</sup>, 1.0&#xa0;mol% Na⁺ showed a linear TL response in the gamma dose range of 5–3&#xa0;kGy, followed by saturation at higher doses and exhibited a 43 times enhancement in TL intensity compared to the singly doped phosphor. The material also demonstrated good dosimetric stability with only 8% fading over 30&#xa0;days, along with satisfactory reproducibility and batch-to-batch homogeneity, indicating that Dy<sup>3+</sup>–Na<sup>+</sup> co-doped K<sub>2</sub>Mg(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is a promising candidate for high-dose gamma radiation dosimetry.</p>

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Thermoluminescence study of K2Mg(SO4)2:Dy3+, Na+ using Gamma rays

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Yash Ahalawat,
  • Vibha Chopra,
  • Rohit Mehra,
  • S. J. Dhoble,
  • Sejal Chandna,
  • Birendra Singh

摘要

Thermoluminescent (TL) materials are widely used in radiation dosimetry due to their high sensitivity, stability, and reusability. In the present study, the thermoluminescence properties of K2Mg(SO4)2 phosphor co-doped with Dy3⁺ and Na+ ions were investigated under γ-ray irradiation. The phosphor was synthesized using a conventional high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of a single-phase crystalline structure, while scanning electron microscopy revealed well-defined grain morphology with an average particle size of ~ 0.44 µm. The Dy3⁺-doped sample exhibited a single TL glow peak at 166 °C, whereas Na+ co-doping resulted in two well-resolved glow peaks at 166 °C and 246 °C, indicating the formation of additional trapping centers. The optimized composition K2Mg(SO4)2:0.5 mol% Dy3+, 1.0 mol% Na⁺ showed a linear TL response in the gamma dose range of 5–3 kGy, followed by saturation at higher doses and exhibited a 43 times enhancement in TL intensity compared to the singly doped phosphor. The material also demonstrated good dosimetric stability with only 8% fading over 30 days, along with satisfactory reproducibility and batch-to-batch homogeneity, indicating that Dy3+–Na+ co-doped K2Mg(SO4)2 is a promising candidate for high-dose gamma radiation dosimetry.