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<p>The spinel LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.44</sub>Sc<sub>0.06</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is prepared by Solution Combustion Synthesis using Glycine (G-LNMSO), Ethylene glycol (Eg-LNMSO), and Sucrose (S-LNMSO) fuels, and investigate the impact of these fuels on the crystal structure, particle size, morphology, and electrochemical performances. Structure and surface analysis of the spinel using XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectra confirmed a disordered <i>Fd3̅m</i> phase (unsplit <i>T</i><sub>2</sub>g modes) with structural distortions from doping and Mn<sup>3</sup><sup>⁺</sup>-induced lattice symmetry reductions. Sc-doping on Mn site of spinel is confirmed by XPS analysis, showing elevated cation binding energies as Mn<sup>3</sup><sup>⁺</sup> content decreases. The significant finding is that G-LNMSO resulted in a disordered phase exhibiting a sphere-like morphology, unlike the other samples, which showed an irregular morphology. G-LNMSO exhibited the highest initial charge/discharge capacity of 150/131 mAh g⁻<sup>1</sup> with 87% coulombic efficiency and superior cycling stability. Moreover, the high discharge capacity of G-LNMSO is retained until 10C rate. Under similar condition, Eg-LNMSO and S-LNMSO have experienced significant capacity fade. GITT data revealed that G-LNMSO had high lithium-ion diffusion coefficient of 1.67 × 10⁻<sup>10</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>/s. Superior electrochemical performance of G-LNMSO can be ascribed to its unique morphology, particle size, and high lithium-ion diffusion kinetics. Hence, glycine has proved to be the best fuel for the synthesis of high-power LNMSO cathodes for LIBs.</p>

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Impact of fuel type on microstructural evolution and electrochemical properties of scandium doped lithium nickel manganese spinel via solution combustion synthesis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Subramani Bhuvaneswari,
  • Mahima Ammu Rajan,
  • Khadambari Bhaskaran,
  • Pardha Saradhi Maram,
  • U. V. Varadaraju,
  • Raju Prakash

摘要

The spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.44Sc0.06O4 is prepared by Solution Combustion Synthesis using Glycine (G-LNMSO), Ethylene glycol (Eg-LNMSO), and Sucrose (S-LNMSO) fuels, and investigate the impact of these fuels on the crystal structure, particle size, morphology, and electrochemical performances. Structure and surface analysis of the spinel using XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectra confirmed a disordered Fd3̅m phase (unsplit T2g modes) with structural distortions from doping and Mn3⁺-induced lattice symmetry reductions. Sc-doping on Mn site of spinel is confirmed by XPS analysis, showing elevated cation binding energies as Mn3⁺ content decreases. The significant finding is that G-LNMSO resulted in a disordered phase exhibiting a sphere-like morphology, unlike the other samples, which showed an irregular morphology. G-LNMSO exhibited the highest initial charge/discharge capacity of 150/131 mAh g⁻1 with 87% coulombic efficiency and superior cycling stability. Moreover, the high discharge capacity of G-LNMSO is retained until 10C rate. Under similar condition, Eg-LNMSO and S-LNMSO have experienced significant capacity fade. GITT data revealed that G-LNMSO had high lithium-ion diffusion coefficient of 1.67 × 10⁻10 cm2/s. Superior electrochemical performance of G-LNMSO can be ascribed to its unique morphology, particle size, and high lithium-ion diffusion kinetics. Hence, glycine has proved to be the best fuel for the synthesis of high-power LNMSO cathodes for LIBs.