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<p>With the increasing focus on environmental issues, lead-free perovskite ceramics Ba<sub>0.83</sub>Ca<sub>0.105</sub>Sr<sub>0.065</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BCST) are promising candidates for dielectric and energy storage applications. To optimize the preparation process and enhance the performance of ceramics, a traditional high-temperature solid-state method has been used to fabricate BCST ceramics with 4&#xa0;mol% LiF as a sintering aid added at three different sequences: before calcination (BLiFCST), after calcination (BCLiFST), and after sintering (BCSLiFT). The results indicated that all BCST-LiF ceramics exhibited a pure tetragonal perovskite structure, and LiF effectively reduced the sintering temperature from above 1250 ℃ (for pure BCST) to 1200 ℃. Among the three addition sequences, BCLiFST ceramics achieved the highest densification with dense grain arrangement and fewer surface pores. The BCLiFST ceramics also showed the optimal dielectric and ferroelectric properties: a high dielectric constant (ɛ<sub>r</sub> = 18,114) and low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.0103) at room temperature, along with thin-waisted hysteresis loops induced by [Li<sub>Ti</sub>-F<sub>O</sub>]<sup>2−</sup> defect dipoles. For energy storage performance, BCLiFST ceramics exhibited a recoverable energy density of 0.15&#xa0;J/cm<sup>3</sup> and energy storage efficiency of 58% under an electric field of 28&#xa0;kV/cm. These findings demonstrate that adding LiF after calcination is an effective strategy to lower the sintering temperature and optimize the comprehensive performance of BCST ceramics, providing a promising approach for the preparation of high-performance lead-free dielectric ceramics.</p>

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Effects of different sequence doping LiF on microstructure and dielectric properties of BCST ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Hongxing Han,
  • Jiaqi Cao,
  • Fan Chen,
  • Yanchun Hu

摘要

With the increasing focus on environmental issues, lead-free perovskite ceramics Ba0.83Ca0.105Sr0.065TiO3 (BCST) are promising candidates for dielectric and energy storage applications. To optimize the preparation process and enhance the performance of ceramics, a traditional high-temperature solid-state method has been used to fabricate BCST ceramics with 4 mol% LiF as a sintering aid added at three different sequences: before calcination (BLiFCST), after calcination (BCLiFST), and after sintering (BCSLiFT). The results indicated that all BCST-LiF ceramics exhibited a pure tetragonal perovskite structure, and LiF effectively reduced the sintering temperature from above 1250 ℃ (for pure BCST) to 1200 ℃. Among the three addition sequences, BCLiFST ceramics achieved the highest densification with dense grain arrangement and fewer surface pores. The BCLiFST ceramics also showed the optimal dielectric and ferroelectric properties: a high dielectric constant (ɛr = 18,114) and low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.0103) at room temperature, along with thin-waisted hysteresis loops induced by [LiTi-FO]2− defect dipoles. For energy storage performance, BCLiFST ceramics exhibited a recoverable energy density of 0.15 J/cm3 and energy storage efficiency of 58% under an electric field of 28 kV/cm. These findings demonstrate that adding LiF after calcination is an effective strategy to lower the sintering temperature and optimize the comprehensive performance of BCST ceramics, providing a promising approach for the preparation of high-performance lead-free dielectric ceramics.