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<p>Water contamination by antibiotics, heavy metals, and synthetic dyes poses a serious threat to both human and environmental health. In this work, we introduce a sustainable cerium-based Prussian blue analogue/biocarbon hybrid (Ce-PBA/NPC) photocatalyst, synthesized using jackfruit-peel-derived N, P-doped carbon, for broad-spectrum degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP), hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)), and crystal violet (CV) under visible-light irradiation. The hybrid design strategically couples the redox-active Ce<sup>3+</sup>/Ce<sup>4+</sup> centres in Ce-PBA with the high conductivity, hierarchical porosity, and defect-rich active sites of N, P-doped biocarbon. Textural and optical evaluations revealed a markedly increased surface area (186.7 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>−1</sup>), enlarged pore volume (0.42 cm<sup>3</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>), and a narrowed band gap (1.95&#xa0;eV) for the composite compared with pristine Ce-PBA. These findings indicate that the composite possesses more efficient light harvesting and improved charge separation. As a result, the Ce-PBA/NPC photocatalyst achieved degradation efficiencies of 92% for CIP, 88% for Cr (VI), and 95% for CV within 120&#xa0;min, with apparent rate constants 3–4 times higher than those of the individual components. The composite also maintained high activity in binary and ternary pollutant systems, demonstrating strong resistance to competitive inhibition. These findings highlight the Ce-PBA/NPC hybrid as a durable, eco-friendly, and high-performance photocatalyst for visible-light-driven remediation of multi-target contaminants in wastewater.</p>

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Boosting the photocatalytic activity of Ce-PBA via hybridization with bio-derived N, P-doped carbon for efficient degradation of multi-target pollutants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月9日

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  • K. Vaijayanthi,
  • G. Dhivakar,
  • M. Dharmendira Kumar

摘要

Water contamination by antibiotics, heavy metals, and synthetic dyes poses a serious threat to both human and environmental health. In this work, we introduce a sustainable cerium-based Prussian blue analogue/biocarbon hybrid (Ce-PBA/NPC) photocatalyst, synthesized using jackfruit-peel-derived N, P-doped carbon, for broad-spectrum degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP), hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)), and crystal violet (CV) under visible-light irradiation. The hybrid design strategically couples the redox-active Ce3+/Ce4+ centres in Ce-PBA with the high conductivity, hierarchical porosity, and defect-rich active sites of N, P-doped biocarbon. Textural and optical evaluations revealed a markedly increased surface area (186.7 m2g−1), enlarged pore volume (0.42 cm3 g−1), and a narrowed band gap (1.95 eV) for the composite compared with pristine Ce-PBA. These findings indicate that the composite possesses more efficient light harvesting and improved charge separation. As a result, the Ce-PBA/NPC photocatalyst achieved degradation efficiencies of 92% for CIP, 88% for Cr (VI), and 95% for CV within 120 min, with apparent rate constants 3–4 times higher than those of the individual components. The composite also maintained high activity in binary and ternary pollutant systems, demonstrating strong resistance to competitive inhibition. These findings highlight the Ce-PBA/NPC hybrid as a durable, eco-friendly, and high-performance photocatalyst for visible-light-driven remediation of multi-target contaminants in wastewater.