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<p>Developing advanced supercapacitor electrodes with both high energy density and long-term cycling stability is a critical challenge in energy storage. While metal oxides like zinc oxide (ZnO) offer high theoretical pseudocapacitance, they often suffer from poor electrical conductivity and structural degradation during cycling. To overcome these limitations, we designed and fabricated a novel, binder-free hierarchical composite, carbon-coated zinc oxide Nanorod@Aluminum Oxide Nanofiber (ZnO–NR@C/Al₂O₃–NF), where a stable alumina nanofiber scaffold and a conductive carbon coating work synergistically to enhance the performance of ZnO nanorods. The composite was synthesized via a multi-step approach. First, a robust Al₂O₃–NF scaffold was fabricated by electrospinning followed by high-temperature calcination. Next, ZnO–NR were grown directly onto the scaffold using a hydrothermal method. Finally, a uniform, porous carbon layer was coated onto the ZnO nanorods through hydrothermal carbonization of glucose and subsequent annealing. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of a unique, hierarchical, and highly porous architecture. Further analyses using XRD and XPS verified the composite’s high purity, expected crystallographic phases, and crucial electronic interactions between the carbon coating and the metal oxides. Most significantly, the electrode demonstrates outstanding long-term durability, maintaining its structural and crystallographic integrity with minimal degradation after 8000 charge–discharge cycles. This exceptional stability is attributed to the synergistic design, where the Al₂O₃ scaffold provides mechanical support and the carbon coating enhances conductivity while preventing the pulverization of the active ZnO material, validating its potential for high-performance energy storage applications.</p>

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Hierarchical ZnO-NR@C/Al2O3-NF composite: a durable binder-free electrode for advanced supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Ali B. M. Ali,
  • Asilbek Abdullaev,
  • Elyor Saitov,
  • M. Sudhakara Reddy,
  • Badri Narayan Sahu,
  • Sridharan Sundharam,
  • Sanjeev Kumar,
  • Mustafa Diab,
  • H. Amin El Sabban,
  • Aseel Smerat,
  • Mumtaj Shah

摘要

Developing advanced supercapacitor electrodes with both high energy density and long-term cycling stability is a critical challenge in energy storage. While metal oxides like zinc oxide (ZnO) offer high theoretical pseudocapacitance, they often suffer from poor electrical conductivity and structural degradation during cycling. To overcome these limitations, we designed and fabricated a novel, binder-free hierarchical composite, carbon-coated zinc oxide Nanorod@Aluminum Oxide Nanofiber (ZnO–NR@C/Al₂O₃–NF), where a stable alumina nanofiber scaffold and a conductive carbon coating work synergistically to enhance the performance of ZnO nanorods. The composite was synthesized via a multi-step approach. First, a robust Al₂O₃–NF scaffold was fabricated by electrospinning followed by high-temperature calcination. Next, ZnO–NR were grown directly onto the scaffold using a hydrothermal method. Finally, a uniform, porous carbon layer was coated onto the ZnO nanorods through hydrothermal carbonization of glucose and subsequent annealing. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of a unique, hierarchical, and highly porous architecture. Further analyses using XRD and XPS verified the composite’s high purity, expected crystallographic phases, and crucial electronic interactions between the carbon coating and the metal oxides. Most significantly, the electrode demonstrates outstanding long-term durability, maintaining its structural and crystallographic integrity with minimal degradation after 8000 charge–discharge cycles. This exceptional stability is attributed to the synergistic design, where the Al₂O₃ scaffold provides mechanical support and the carbon coating enhances conductivity while preventing the pulverization of the active ZnO material, validating its potential for high-performance energy storage applications.