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<p>Broadband electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers are essential for mitigating electromagnetic interference and enhancing stealth performance in modern electronics, aerospace, and defense systems. However, achieving wide-frequency absorption while maintaining lightweight and thin configurations remains a significant challenge. In this work, a broadband EMW-absorbing composite was rationally designed by synergistically integrating short-cut silicon carbide fibers (SiC<sub>f</sub>), magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, and conductive polyaniline (PANI) to finely tune the complex permittivity and permeability. The optimized SiC<sub>f</sub>@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@PANI/epoxy composite, prepared with a Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> synthesis duration of 3&#xa0;h and a thickness of 5&#xa0;mm, exhibits an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) fully covering the X-band (8–12&#xa0;GHz) and a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of − 31.34&#xa0;dB. The superior absorption performance arises from multi-mechanism coupling between dielectric and magnetic losses, where interfacial polarization and improved impedance matching effectively enhance energy attenuation. This study introduces an innovative magnetic–dielectric–fiber network design strategy that achieves synergistic regulation of electromagnetic parameters, offering a promising pathway toward lightweight, efficient, and broadband EMW-absorbing materials for stealth coatings and electromagnetic compatibility applications.</p>

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Investigation of electromagnetic wave absorption performance in silicon carbide fibers@Fe3O4@PANI/epoxy resin composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Xin Feng,
  • Junhao Liang,
  • Xiyi Li,
  • Shiqian Zhang,
  • Ting Zhang,
  • Jianwei Li,
  • Tao Liu,
  • Yunyu Li,
  • Xinhai He

摘要

Broadband electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers are essential for mitigating electromagnetic interference and enhancing stealth performance in modern electronics, aerospace, and defense systems. However, achieving wide-frequency absorption while maintaining lightweight and thin configurations remains a significant challenge. In this work, a broadband EMW-absorbing composite was rationally designed by synergistically integrating short-cut silicon carbide fibers (SiCf), magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and conductive polyaniline (PANI) to finely tune the complex permittivity and permeability. The optimized SiCf@Fe3O4@PANI/epoxy composite, prepared with a Fe3O4 synthesis duration of 3 h and a thickness of 5 mm, exhibits an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) fully covering the X-band (8–12 GHz) and a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of − 31.34 dB. The superior absorption performance arises from multi-mechanism coupling between dielectric and magnetic losses, where interfacial polarization and improved impedance matching effectively enhance energy attenuation. This study introduces an innovative magnetic–dielectric–fiber network design strategy that achieves synergistic regulation of electromagnetic parameters, offering a promising pathway toward lightweight, efficient, and broadband EMW-absorbing materials for stealth coatings and electromagnetic compatibility applications.