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<p>This work investigates the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures with various aspect ratios, such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanorods (NRs), and nanowalls (NWs), by controlling the hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) concentrations via a hydrothermal approach for UV detectors and hydrophobic surfaces. The FE-SEM images revealed that the surface morphology of zinc oxide NPs, NRs, and NWs was well aligned and dispersed throughout the glass substrate. Hexagonal wurtzite ZnO was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Apparently, rods and walls where growth well alignment highly reflect the oriented (002) plane onto the glass substrate, as depicted in FE-SEM analysis. Current–time (<i>I</i>–<i>T</i>) measurements verified the photodetector's performance and revealed a significant photocurrent enhancement under 365&#xa0;nm UV light, reaching 45 μA for the nanorods sample 1:0.5, achieving a 96% sensitivity, the highest of all samples tested. In addition, the vertical alignment of the 1:0.25 ZnO NRs enabled superhydrophobicity, resulting in a 162.40° contact angle. As a result, these findings confirm the value of the hydrothermal route for preparing different shapes of ZnO for advanced applications such as self-cleaning and UV detector.</p>

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From nanoparticles, nanorods to nanowalls: preparation and analysis of ZnO using hydrothermal approach for hydrophobic and UV photodetector applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Raed A. Dheyab,
  • Haider Abdulelah,
  • Tahseen A. Alaridhee,
  • Rasha S. Yousif,
  • Zainab Abdulelah,
  • Ali H. Reshak,
  • Zainab J. Sweah,
  • Nadhim A. Abdullah,
  • Mahir A. Jalal,
  • Mohammed Al-Fadhli

摘要

This work investigates the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures with various aspect ratios, such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanorods (NRs), and nanowalls (NWs), by controlling the hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) concentrations via a hydrothermal approach for UV detectors and hydrophobic surfaces. The FE-SEM images revealed that the surface morphology of zinc oxide NPs, NRs, and NWs was well aligned and dispersed throughout the glass substrate. Hexagonal wurtzite ZnO was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Apparently, rods and walls where growth well alignment highly reflect the oriented (002) plane onto the glass substrate, as depicted in FE-SEM analysis. Current–time (I–T) measurements verified the photodetector's performance and revealed a significant photocurrent enhancement under 365 nm UV light, reaching 45 μA for the nanorods sample 1:0.5, achieving a 96% sensitivity, the highest of all samples tested. In addition, the vertical alignment of the 1:0.25 ZnO NRs enabled superhydrophobicity, resulting in a 162.40° contact angle. As a result, these findings confirm the value of the hydrothermal route for preparing different shapes of ZnO for advanced applications such as self-cleaning and UV detector.