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<p>The development of biodegradable, electrically functional nanocomposites is of significant interest for sustainable electronics, sensors, and biomedical applications. In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were green synthesized using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extract and incorporated into polylactic acid (PLA) to fabricate 3D-printed nanocomposites. This eco-friendly approach minimizes toxicity and enhances biocompatibility compared to conventional chemical methods. PLA/GNP composites containing 0.5–12.5-wt.% GNP were extruded into filaments and processed using fused deposition modeling (FDM). Structural analyses, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirmed homogeneous dispersion and strong interfacial interactions. Electrical characterization revealed that AC conductivity increased. Mechanical testing showed a peak tensile strength of 68&#xa0;MPa and a modulus of 2690&#xa0;MPa at 6.5-wt.% GNP, representing an enhancement of approximately 30% compared to neat PLA, which had values of 52&#xa0;MPa and 1950&#xa0;MPa. Thermal analysis demonstrated improved stability, with the degradation onset temperature increasing from 325&#xa0;°C (PLA) to 331&#xa0;°C (12.5-wt.% GNP). The novelty of this work lies in the combination of green nanofiller synthesis with additive manufacturing, resulting in multifunctional PLA composites that are stronger, more conductive, and thermally stable. These findings highlight the potential of PLA/GNP nanocomposites for applications in biodegradable electronics, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and next-generation biomedical devices, significantly extending the utility of PLA beyond its conventional uses.</p>

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Green synthesis of graphitic nanofillers and analysis of 3D-printed graphitic nanofiller-reinforced PLA nanocomposites by impedance spectroscopy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月1日

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  • B. V. Triveni,
  • H. S. Lalithamba,
  • Rashmi,
  • G. K. Prashanth

摘要

The development of biodegradable, electrically functional nanocomposites is of significant interest for sustainable electronics, sensors, and biomedical applications. In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were green synthesized using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extract and incorporated into polylactic acid (PLA) to fabricate 3D-printed nanocomposites. This eco-friendly approach minimizes toxicity and enhances biocompatibility compared to conventional chemical methods. PLA/GNP composites containing 0.5–12.5-wt.% GNP were extruded into filaments and processed using fused deposition modeling (FDM). Structural analyses, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirmed homogeneous dispersion and strong interfacial interactions. Electrical characterization revealed that AC conductivity increased. Mechanical testing showed a peak tensile strength of 68 MPa and a modulus of 2690 MPa at 6.5-wt.% GNP, representing an enhancement of approximately 30% compared to neat PLA, which had values of 52 MPa and 1950 MPa. Thermal analysis demonstrated improved stability, with the degradation onset temperature increasing from 325 °C (PLA) to 331 °C (12.5-wt.% GNP). The novelty of this work lies in the combination of green nanofiller synthesis with additive manufacturing, resulting in multifunctional PLA composites that are stronger, more conductive, and thermally stable. These findings highlight the potential of PLA/GNP nanocomposites for applications in biodegradable electronics, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and next-generation biomedical devices, significantly extending the utility of PLA beyond its conventional uses.