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<p>The structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of rare-earth (cerium) doped nickel ferrite were investigated. Nickel ferrite (NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) doped with Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5&#xa0;mol% was synthesized via the solid-state route. X-ray diffraction confirmed a cubic inverse-spinel structure (Fd-3m) with no secondary phases. UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed a systematic increase in optical band gap energy from 1.82&#xa0;eV (<i>x</i> = 0) to 2.05&#xa0;eV (<i>x</i> = 0.5). Room-temperature dielectric measurements (100&#xa0;Hz–1&#xa0;MHz) showed a decreasing permittivity with Ce content, with ε′ dropping from ~ 1850 (<i>x</i> = 0) to ~ 1320 (<i>x</i> = 0.5) at 1&#xa0;kHz. Impedance analysis indicated lower Z′ and Z″ values at higher frequencies, attributed to space charge polarization. Magnetic measurements (VSM) demonstrated a decline in saturation magnetization from 39.1&#xa0;emu/g (<i>x</i> = 0) to 20.7&#xa0;emu/g (<i>x</i> = 0.5). In contrast, coercivity increased from 180 to 1600 Oe and remanence from 8.6 to 15.8&#xa0;emu/g at <i>x</i> = 0.1, reflecting enhanced anisotropy. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant (K) rose from ~ 7 × 10<sup>3</sup> erg/cm<sup>3</sup> (<i>x</i> = 0) to ~ 4.6 × 10<sup>4</sup> erg/cm<sup>3</sup> (<i>x</i> = 0.1). These results confirm that Ce substitution effectively tailors the structural, optical, dielectric, and magnetic responses of NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, enabling multifunctional ferrite-based device applications.</p>

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Comprehensive characterization of Ce-doped NiFe2O4 nanoferrites: structural, electrical, and magneto-dielectric insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月18日

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  • Sunirmal Saha,
  • Rakesh Samal,
  • Krutika L. Routray

摘要

The structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of rare-earth (cerium) doped nickel ferrite were investigated. Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) doped with Ce3+ ions at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mol% was synthesized via the solid-state route. X-ray diffraction confirmed a cubic inverse-spinel structure (Fd-3m) with no secondary phases. UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed a systematic increase in optical band gap energy from 1.82 eV (x = 0) to 2.05 eV (x = 0.5). Room-temperature dielectric measurements (100 Hz–1 MHz) showed a decreasing permittivity with Ce content, with ε′ dropping from ~ 1850 (x = 0) to ~ 1320 (x = 0.5) at 1 kHz. Impedance analysis indicated lower Z′ and Z″ values at higher frequencies, attributed to space charge polarization. Magnetic measurements (VSM) demonstrated a decline in saturation magnetization from 39.1 emu/g (x = 0) to 20.7 emu/g (x = 0.5). In contrast, coercivity increased from 180 to 1600 Oe and remanence from 8.6 to 15.8 emu/g at x = 0.1, reflecting enhanced anisotropy. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant (K) rose from ~ 7 × 103 erg/cm3 (x = 0) to ~ 4.6 × 104 erg/cm3 (x = 0.1). These results confirm that Ce substitution effectively tailors the structural, optical, dielectric, and magnetic responses of NiFe2O4, enabling multifunctional ferrite-based device applications.