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Abstract <p>The separator plays a critical role in lithium-ion battery safety by physically isolating electrodes during thermal runaway or mechanical damage, thereby mitigating short-circuit risks and associated thermal hazards. To address evolving performance demands, we fabricate a novel PVDF-HFP/LDH (FPHs) separator via electrospinning, integrating nano-layered double hydroxide (LDH) within a dual-phase architecture. This design features a thermally robust silica aerogel scaffold supporting LDH-embedded PVDF-HFP nanofibers to form an organic–inorganic matrix. Material characterization confirms homogeneous distribution of functional components across the aerogel framework, which synergistically enhances mechanical integrity (approximately 11 times increase in tensile strength versus conventional separators) and electrolyte compatibility (liquid absorption rate: 366.6%, contact angle: 18.6°). The FPH separator demonstrates remarkable thermal stability (dimensional integrity maintained at 200&#xa0;°C) and flame resistance, outperforming commercial polyolefin counterparts. Electrochemical optimization reveals 4 wt% LDH loading delivers peak performance: ionic conductivity of 3.52&#xa0;mS/cm<sup>−1</sup> with a lithium-ion transference number of 0.61. Corresponding LiFePO<sub>4</sub>/Li cells achieve 96.3% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.5&#xa0;C and &gt; 99% Coulombic efficiency, validating its potential for high-safety energy storage system.</p>

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Nano-hydrotalcite modified composite aerogel separators with enhanced thermal stability for lithium-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月29日

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  • Yonglan Wen,
  • Chunyan Li,
  • Xia Yang,
  • Erxing Yang,
  • Jianbing Guo,
  • Zhihong Liu

摘要

Abstract

The separator plays a critical role in lithium-ion battery safety by physically isolating electrodes during thermal runaway or mechanical damage, thereby mitigating short-circuit risks and associated thermal hazards. To address evolving performance demands, we fabricate a novel PVDF-HFP/LDH (FPHs) separator via electrospinning, integrating nano-layered double hydroxide (LDH) within a dual-phase architecture. This design features a thermally robust silica aerogel scaffold supporting LDH-embedded PVDF-HFP nanofibers to form an organic–inorganic matrix. Material characterization confirms homogeneous distribution of functional components across the aerogel framework, which synergistically enhances mechanical integrity (approximately 11 times increase in tensile strength versus conventional separators) and electrolyte compatibility (liquid absorption rate: 366.6%, contact angle: 18.6°). The FPH separator demonstrates remarkable thermal stability (dimensional integrity maintained at 200 °C) and flame resistance, outperforming commercial polyolefin counterparts. Electrochemical optimization reveals 4 wt% LDH loading delivers peak performance: ionic conductivity of 3.52 mS/cm−1 with a lithium-ion transference number of 0.61. Corresponding LiFePO4/Li cells achieve 96.3% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.5 C and > 99% Coulombic efficiency, validating its potential for high-safety energy storage system.