Supercapacitor performance of argan shell-based carbon electrodes: impact of chemical activation
摘要
This study investigates the performance of activated carbons derived from argan shells for supercapacitor electrodes using different activation agents: phosphoric acid (PA), zinc chloride (ZC), and sodium hydroxide (SH). Three activated carbons (labeled ACPA-E, ACZC-E, and ACSH-E) were synthesized through carbonization at 900 ℃ for 2 h, followed by chemical activation. Scanning electron microscopy and BET analysis revealed variations in pore size distributions among the samples depending on the activating agent. Electrochemical performance of these activated carbon electrodes was assessed in 1-M H₂SO₄ using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge methods, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that ACPA-E exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 138.26 F/g, followed by ACZC-E at 122.21 F/g, and ACSH-E at 82.6 F/g. Among the activation agents, (PA) proved the most effective, suggesting that argan shell waste has significant potential for supercapacitor applications.