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<p>This study explores the potential of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) as an efficient photocatalyst for degrading Rose Bengal (RB) dye. Using an innovative Pulsed Laser Ablation-Assisted Solid-State Annealing (PLA-SSA) technique, we synthesised novel Au-decorated sulfur and oxygen co-doped GCN (Au@S,O-GCN) photocatalysts. The resulting photocatalyst was characterised through various analytical methods. It exhibits amorphous and FCC crystal structures of the hybrid Au@S,O-GCN photocatalysts. Au NPs are incorporated into the S,O-GCN, as confirmed using XPS, FESEM and EDAX mapping. The N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption isotherms confirm the high surface area of the photocatalyst, which is responsible for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. The synthesised photocatalyst follows the Freundlich isotherm model for dye adsorption. The Freundlich constant (<i>K</i><sub><i>f</i></sub>) and exponent (<i>n</i>) of the isotherm model have been calculated to be 0.614&#xa0;mg/g (L/mg)1/<i>n</i> and 1.101, respectively. The photocatalytic performance showed a significant degradation efficiency of 98.7% over 55&#xa0;min, with a rate constant of 0.922&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup> and a half-life of 0.75&#xa0;min at a neutral pH of 7 and 26&#xa0;°C. It follows a second-order kinetics reaction. Various scavengers, including chloroform, Tert-Butyl Alcohol(TBA), and Potassium Iodide(KI), were used to investigate the effects of different free radicals on the photocatalytic process. The reusability of the Au@S,O-GCN photocatalyst has also been investigated. These findings underscore the potential of Au@S,O-GCN as an effective material for pollutant degradation.</p>

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Pulsed laser-assisted solid-state annealing method synthesised Au@S,O-GCN photocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic degradation of rose bengal dye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月4日

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  • Ayele Ossa Leka,
  • Pankaj Bhujbal,
  • Sahil Saini,
  • Prathamesh Kadam,
  • Abhinav Cherukuth,
  • Naveen Vashishth,
  • Utkarsh Kumar Singh,
  • Prateek Patil,
  • Satyendra Vishwakarma,
  • Devnath Dhirhe

摘要

This study explores the potential of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) as an efficient photocatalyst for degrading Rose Bengal (RB) dye. Using an innovative Pulsed Laser Ablation-Assisted Solid-State Annealing (PLA-SSA) technique, we synthesised novel Au-decorated sulfur and oxygen co-doped GCN (Au@S,O-GCN) photocatalysts. The resulting photocatalyst was characterised through various analytical methods. It exhibits amorphous and FCC crystal structures of the hybrid Au@S,O-GCN photocatalysts. Au NPs are incorporated into the S,O-GCN, as confirmed using XPS, FESEM and EDAX mapping. The N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms confirm the high surface area of the photocatalyst, which is responsible for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. The synthesised photocatalyst follows the Freundlich isotherm model for dye adsorption. The Freundlich constant (Kf) and exponent (n) of the isotherm model have been calculated to be 0.614 mg/g (L/mg)1/n and 1.101, respectively. The photocatalytic performance showed a significant degradation efficiency of 98.7% over 55 min, with a rate constant of 0.922 min−1 and a half-life of 0.75 min at a neutral pH of 7 and 26 °C. It follows a second-order kinetics reaction. Various scavengers, including chloroform, Tert-Butyl Alcohol(TBA), and Potassium Iodide(KI), were used to investigate the effects of different free radicals on the photocatalytic process. The reusability of the Au@S,O-GCN photocatalyst has also been investigated. These findings underscore the potential of Au@S,O-GCN as an effective material for pollutant degradation.