<p>Nanoscale electrode materials, such as metal phosphate nanoparticles and two-dimensional graphene, play a crucial role in the development of supercapacitors. However, the inevitable clumping of nanoparticles and the layering of graphene present considerable challenges to their practical application. This research demonstrates a highly effective coordination and synergistic interaction between uniformly sized Ni<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> micro-balls and reduced graphene oxide sheets within composite thin films, paving the way for the development of optimal electrode materials. The analysis of the electrode films was conducted through a series of advanced techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The results revealed that Ni<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>@RGO showcased the smallest sp2 domain crystallite size, achieved the highest surface area of 176.5&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>.g<sup>−1</sup>, and boasted the largest pore volume at 0.0432&#xa0;cm<sup>3</sup>.g<sup>−1</sup>. The composite film boasts an impressive areal mass loading of 1.1&#xa0;mg/cm<sup>2</sup>, showcasing outstanding performance in supercapacitor applications. Ni<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>@RGO showcases an impressive peak specific capacity of 1486 Fg<sup>−1</sup> at 1 Ag<sup>−1</sup>, maintaining 94.4% of its initial capacity even after 10,000 cycles at a high current density of 10 Ag<sup>−1</sup>. This highlights its promising potential as a highly effective electrode for supercapacitors designed for high performance. The practical applicability is assessed through the creation of an asymmetric supercapacitor device, featuring an amorphous nickel phosphate thin film for the positive electrode and reduced graphene oxide for the negative electrode. An asymmetric device reaches an impressive specific capacitance of approximately 177 Fg<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 1 Ag<sup>−1</sup>, delivering an energy density of 60.5 Whkg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 800 Wkg<sup>−1</sup>, while sustaining 85% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles.</p>

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Regulated micro-balls like nickel pyrophosphate/reduced graphene oxide (Ni2P2O7@RGO) composite thin films as a cathode electrode for asymmetric supercapacitor

  • M. Smitha S. Nair,
  • T. Sivakumar,
  • P. Venkateshwari

摘要

Nanoscale electrode materials, such as metal phosphate nanoparticles and two-dimensional graphene, play a crucial role in the development of supercapacitors. However, the inevitable clumping of nanoparticles and the layering of graphene present considerable challenges to their practical application. This research demonstrates a highly effective coordination and synergistic interaction between uniformly sized Ni2P2O7 micro-balls and reduced graphene oxide sheets within composite thin films, paving the way for the development of optimal electrode materials. The analysis of the electrode films was conducted through a series of advanced techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The results revealed that Ni2P2O7@RGO showcased the smallest sp2 domain crystallite size, achieved the highest surface area of 176.5 m2.g−1, and boasted the largest pore volume at 0.0432 cm3.g−1. The composite film boasts an impressive areal mass loading of 1.1 mg/cm2, showcasing outstanding performance in supercapacitor applications. Ni2P2O7@RGO showcases an impressive peak specific capacity of 1486 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1, maintaining 94.4% of its initial capacity even after 10,000 cycles at a high current density of 10 Ag−1. This highlights its promising potential as a highly effective electrode for supercapacitors designed for high performance. The practical applicability is assessed through the creation of an asymmetric supercapacitor device, featuring an amorphous nickel phosphate thin film for the positive electrode and reduced graphene oxide for the negative electrode. An asymmetric device reaches an impressive specific capacitance of approximately 177 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 Ag−1, delivering an energy density of 60.5 Whkg−1 at a power density of 800 Wkg−1, while sustaining 85% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles.