<p>Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) was discovered during the Second World War, and since then, it has been a fundamental component in the development of advanced materials. It has special ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric qualities, thus, making it useful in a wide range of devices, from transducers to capacitors. The historical development of barium titanate is reviewed in this paper, with special attention given to the journey covered, i.e. right from the discovery to the current status, where it is being used as a crucial component of modern electronics. Doping of barium titanate is a major topic of discussion because different dopants can modify the material’s structural, electrical, and thermal characteristics. These modifications have enabled enhanced performance in specific applications, making barium titanate a versatile material. As compared to the lead-based materials, barium titanate stands out, since it is environmentally friendly and does not contain toxic elements, and its properties can be tuned through doping. This makes it a safer and sustainable choice, especially in the light of sustainable human development. The discussion of prospective advances and potential developments in the usage of doped barium titanate for emerging technologies concludes the paper. This is an in-depth review paper that covers all the major aspects related to barium titanate.</p>