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<p>Zinc oxide/polyaniline (ZnO/PANI) composite was synthesized through in situ polymerization method. UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique were utilized to characterize the composite structure. The presence of C, N, Zn, and O elements in the ZnO/PANI composites is confirmed by EDAX analysis. Increasing the PANI content in the ZnO<b>/</b>PANI composite from 0.25 wt% up to 0.75 wt% resulted in a nonlinear coefficient (9.07) and barrier height (1.187&#xa0;eV) reaching the maximum. The dielectric constant increased from 11.2 to 94.1 when the frequency was 100 Hz and reached the maximum when the content of PANI was 0.5 wt%. The reason for the increase of dielectric constant is that the swelling charge begins to accumulate at the grain-grain boundary interface, which leads to high polarization. The impedance analysis shows only one semicircle for all samples, suggesting that the boundary resistance (<i>R</i><sub>gb</sub>) increases from 74.6 to 158.5MΩ, the grain resistance <i>R</i><sub>b</sub> is reduced to the minimum value of 0.91 KΩ, which indicates that the resistance of ZnO/PANI composites is mainly controlled by the grain boundary resistance. Therefore, the ZnO/PANI composites showed good varistors, which can be used to protect circuits.</p>

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Preparation of ZnO/PANI composite by in situ polymerization approach and its varistor properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Yong-Hui Zhou,
  • Yu-Yan Shen,
  • Yong Chen,
  • Mao-Hua Wang

摘要

Zinc oxide/polyaniline (ZnO/PANI) composite was synthesized through in situ polymerization method. UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique were utilized to characterize the composite structure. The presence of C, N, Zn, and O elements in the ZnO/PANI composites is confirmed by EDAX analysis. Increasing the PANI content in the ZnO/PANI composite from 0.25 wt% up to 0.75 wt% resulted in a nonlinear coefficient (9.07) and barrier height (1.187 eV) reaching the maximum. The dielectric constant increased from 11.2 to 94.1 when the frequency was 100 Hz and reached the maximum when the content of PANI was 0.5 wt%. The reason for the increase of dielectric constant is that the swelling charge begins to accumulate at the grain-grain boundary interface, which leads to high polarization. The impedance analysis shows only one semicircle for all samples, suggesting that the boundary resistance (Rgb) increases from 74.6 to 158.5MΩ, the grain resistance Rb is reduced to the minimum value of 0.91 KΩ, which indicates that the resistance of ZnO/PANI composites is mainly controlled by the grain boundary resistance. Therefore, the ZnO/PANI composites showed good varistors, which can be used to protect circuits.