Ultralow dielectric constant porous ceramics in high-speed and high-frequency antenna applications
摘要
Reducing the dielectric constant (εr) of inorganic dielectrics is both a requirement and a challenge for the development of high-frequency and high-speed electronics. Although introducing the air phase (εr ≈ 1) effectively lowers εr, conventional pore-forming fabrication methods that introduce open pores will reduce the mechanical strength and increase the interfacial polarization loss. This study introduces a prefabricated template method using hollow microspheres to prepare closed-pore porous ceramics. Through controlled heat treatment, this approach enhances interfacial bonding to improve mechanical strength while preserving closed-pore integrity. The developed materials exhibit high flexural strength (9.9 MPa) and better dielectric properties (dielectric constant 1.86, dielectric loss 0.0015 at 30 GHz), making them ideal for high-frequency and high-speed applications. Superior performance (S11 = − 62.62 dB, gain = 7.49 dBi at 21–24 GHz) were demonstrated by an antenna fabricated on this dielectric substrate, confirming its suitability for high-frequency signal transmission.