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<p>NdTi<sub>(0.5−x)</sub>ZrMo<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramics were synthesized via the conventional solid-state reaction method and characterized for their microwave dielectric properties. Phase formation and structural changes were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), where the unit cell volume was found to increase with rising Zr content (<i>x</i> = 0 to 0.05). The Nd(Ti<sub>0.49</sub>Zr<sub>0.01</sub>Mo<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>4</sub> ceramic obtained a maximum relative density of 98.7% after being kept at 1425&#xa0;°C for 4 h. The Nd(Ti<sub>0.49</sub>Sn<sub>0.01</sub>Mo<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>4</sub> ceramics were sintered for 4 h at 1425&#xa0;°C, yielding a relative dielectric constant (<i>ε</i><sub><i>r</i></sub>) of 18.7, a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) of −&#xa0;31.0 ppm/&#xa0;°C, and an unloaded quality factor (<i>Q</i><sub><i>u</i></sub> × <i>f</i>) of 33100 GHz (at 17.6 GHz). A microwave-based liquid sensor was developed by utilizing the synthesized ceramic substrate with a microstrip Yagi antenna design. The sensor exhibited distinct resonance shifts upon exposure to different liquids: 0.92 GHz for acetone and 1.51 GHz for water. These results demonstrate the antenna sensor’s potential for reliable liquid characterization in environmental monitoring applications.</p>

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Development of Yagi antenna sensors for dielectric properties analysis using Zr-substituted NdTi(0.5-x)ZrxMo0.5O4 substrate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Yih-Chien Chen,
  • Tse-Lung Lin

摘要

NdTi(0.5−x)ZrMo0.5O4 ceramics were synthesized via the conventional solid-state reaction method and characterized for their microwave dielectric properties. Phase formation and structural changes were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), where the unit cell volume was found to increase with rising Zr content (x = 0 to 0.05). The Nd(Ti0.49Zr0.01Mo0.5)O4 ceramic obtained a maximum relative density of 98.7% after being kept at 1425 °C for 4 h. The Nd(Ti0.49Sn0.01Mo0.5)O4 ceramics were sintered for 4 h at 1425 °C, yielding a relative dielectric constant (εr) of 18.7, a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) of − 31.0 ppm/ °C, and an unloaded quality factor (Qu × f) of 33100 GHz (at 17.6 GHz). A microwave-based liquid sensor was developed by utilizing the synthesized ceramic substrate with a microstrip Yagi antenna design. The sensor exhibited distinct resonance shifts upon exposure to different liquids: 0.92 GHz for acetone and 1.51 GHz for water. These results demonstrate the antenna sensor’s potential for reliable liquid characterization in environmental monitoring applications.