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<p>The energy extraction is the major challenge for developing countries and its demand increased worldwide. This work was related to synthesis of pure and copper-doped tungsten oxide (Cu–WO<sub>3</sub>) NPs via co-precipitation method. The monoclinic crystal structure and crystallite size increased via doping agents were examined by XRD analysis. Scanning electron microscope was used for the observing microstructure and morphology of prepared samples. Raman spectroscopy results revealed that tungsten trioxide exhibits monoclinic structure at room temperature, and vibration of different modes such as O–W–O and W–O was identified. The absorbance of Cu-doped WO<sub>3</sub> NPs was observed at 390&#xa0;nm, and band gap varies from 2.48 to 2.25&#xa0;eV with Cu concentration. After that the thermoelectric properties were investigated by seebeck coefficient. The results declared that seebeck coefficient decreases as the increasing temperature of Cu-doped WO<sub>3</sub> NPs due to which electrical conductivity increases. Finally, thermal stability of pure and Cu-doped WO<sub>3</sub> NPs was calculated by using TGA analysis. Moreover, due to tuneable properties of Cu-doped WO<sub>3</sub> NPs will be&#xa0;applicable in microelectronics, colloidal quantum dot LEDs, methanol oxidation catalyst and water splitting in future.</p>

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Structural, morphological, optical and thermoelectric properties of Cu-doped tungsten oxide NPs via Co-precipitation method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Tariq Munir,
  • Arslan Mahmood,
  • Muhammad Danial Khan,
  • Arshia,
  • Ahmed Ahmed Ibrahim,
  • Numan Abbas,
  • Muhammad Arfan,
  • Irfan Ali

摘要

The energy extraction is the major challenge for developing countries and its demand increased worldwide. This work was related to synthesis of pure and copper-doped tungsten oxide (Cu–WO3) NPs via co-precipitation method. The monoclinic crystal structure and crystallite size increased via doping agents were examined by XRD analysis. Scanning electron microscope was used for the observing microstructure and morphology of prepared samples. Raman spectroscopy results revealed that tungsten trioxide exhibits monoclinic structure at room temperature, and vibration of different modes such as O–W–O and W–O was identified. The absorbance of Cu-doped WO3 NPs was observed at 390 nm, and band gap varies from 2.48 to 2.25 eV with Cu concentration. After that the thermoelectric properties were investigated by seebeck coefficient. The results declared that seebeck coefficient decreases as the increasing temperature of Cu-doped WO3 NPs due to which electrical conductivity increases. Finally, thermal stability of pure and Cu-doped WO3 NPs was calculated by using TGA analysis. Moreover, due to tuneable properties of Cu-doped WO3 NPs will be applicable in microelectronics, colloidal quantum dot LEDs, methanol oxidation catalyst and water splitting in future.