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<p>This research aimed to improve the room temperature ferromagnetic order and photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline ZnO semiconductor by hosting Bi/V and Bi/Cu ions into its lattice. The synthesized ZnO, Zn<sub>0.96</sub>Bi<sub>0.02</sub>V<sub>0.02</sub>O, and Zn<sub>0.96</sub>Bi<sub>0.02</sub>Cu<sub>0.02</sub>O powders have a hexagonal phase of zinc oxide with nano-crystals sizes. The optical band gap energy of ZnO powder was measured to be 3.22 eV. Bi/V and Bi/Cu codoping revealed significant red shifts for the band gap energy of ZnO with measured values of 2.88 and 2.8 eV, respectively, making the synthesized compositions absorb the visible light photon energy. According to scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, the pure ZnO sample showed arranged fine particles collected in large masses of non-uniform shape. The SEM surface morphology of Zn<sub>0.96</sub>Bi<sub>0.02</sub>Cu<sub>0.02</sub>O powder displayed sheets-like structure arranged in a systematic style. For spin-electronics field, full ferromagnetic order with high saturation magnetization of 0.93 emu/g was identified for Zn<sub>0.96</sub>Bi<sub>0.02</sub>V<sub>0.02</sub>O dilute magnetic semiconductor at room temperature. Under solar lighting, the photodegradation experiments showed that the highest removal efficiencies (93–96%) for 20 ppm Congo red and methyl green dyes were realized by Zn<sub>0.96</sub>Bi<sub>0.02</sub>Cu<sub>0.02</sub>O catalyst after 25 min. Additionally, Zn<sub>0.96</sub>Bi<sub>0.02</sub>Cu<sub>0.02</sub>O catalyst exhibited a good stability performance after being reused for many times with mineralization efficiencies for Congo red and methyl green dyes within 87–91% after 40 min. The photodegradation mechanism of Congo red and methyl green dyes was discussed based on scavengers capturing and total organic carbon (TOC) results.</p>

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Zn0.96Bi0.02M0.02O (M = V or Cu) semiconductor: high-spin ferromagnetic order and fast removal of toxic organic chemicals under solar lighting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月2日

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  • Sahr A. Alsherari

摘要

This research aimed to improve the room temperature ferromagnetic order and photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline ZnO semiconductor by hosting Bi/V and Bi/Cu ions into its lattice. The synthesized ZnO, Zn0.96Bi0.02V0.02O, and Zn0.96Bi0.02Cu0.02O powders have a hexagonal phase of zinc oxide with nano-crystals sizes. The optical band gap energy of ZnO powder was measured to be 3.22 eV. Bi/V and Bi/Cu codoping revealed significant red shifts for the band gap energy of ZnO with measured values of 2.88 and 2.8 eV, respectively, making the synthesized compositions absorb the visible light photon energy. According to scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, the pure ZnO sample showed arranged fine particles collected in large masses of non-uniform shape. The SEM surface morphology of Zn0.96Bi0.02Cu0.02O powder displayed sheets-like structure arranged in a systematic style. For spin-electronics field, full ferromagnetic order with high saturation magnetization of 0.93 emu/g was identified for Zn0.96Bi0.02V0.02O dilute magnetic semiconductor at room temperature. Under solar lighting, the photodegradation experiments showed that the highest removal efficiencies (93–96%) for 20 ppm Congo red and methyl green dyes were realized by Zn0.96Bi0.02Cu0.02O catalyst after 25 min. Additionally, Zn0.96Bi0.02Cu0.02O catalyst exhibited a good stability performance after being reused for many times with mineralization efficiencies for Congo red and methyl green dyes within 87–91% after 40 min. The photodegradation mechanism of Congo red and methyl green dyes was discussed based on scavengers capturing and total organic carbon (TOC) results.