<p>Chronic and acute wounds remain a major clinical challenge. These include diabetic ulcers, burn wounds, pressure ulcers, and infected wounds. Healing is often delayed due to poor angiogenesis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and infection. Biomimetic cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CM-NPs) offer a promising solution. These systems combine a nanoparticle core with natural cell membranes. Common sources include platelet, stem cell, leukocyte, and erythrocyte membranes. CM-NPs provide immune evasion and longer retention at the wound site. They also enable targeted interaction with damaged or infected tissue. Each membrane type offers unique biological functions. These include hemostasis, angiogenesis, antimicrobial activity, and immune regulation. Recent systems are stimuli-responsive. They respond to ROS, pH, and enzymes. This allows controlled and on-demand drug release. CM-NPs can also be incorporated into hydrogels or wound dressings. This improves local delivery and maintains a moist healing environment. This review critically compares the therapeutic advantages and limitations of different biomimetic membrane sources, summarizes recent advances in fabrication strategies, stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms, and hydrogel-integrated systems, and discusses their potential for diabetic wound healing. In addition, the review highlights the major translational barriers, including membrane sourcing, manufacturing scalability, long-term stability, biosafety, and regulatory considerations, while outlining future strategies for clinical development. Addressing these limitations through standardized fabrication and deeper mechanistic understanding will be crucial for advancing CM-NPs as effective therapeutic platforms for diverse wound healing applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>