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<p>Excessive use of urea fertilizer in agriculture contributes to environmental pollution, as a significant amount of its nitrogen is not absorbed by plants and is instead lost to the environment. Hydrogel-based fertilizer with a controlled release offers a promising approach for this issue. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of natural breadfruit starch heat-moisture treatment (HMT)-modified breadfruit starch as a base material for urea slow release fertilizers to determine the effect of crosslinker composition N,N-Methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) with variation of 0.0075; 0.0100; and 0.0150&#xa0;g on hydrogel characteristics and to determine the hydrogel impact on germination and growth of curly red chili seeds. The results indicate that HMT-modified breadfruit starch outperforms natural breadfruit starch as a base material for slow release fertilizers due to its enhanced gel degradation resistance, swelling efficiency, soil water retention capacity, and nutrient release profiles. Hydrogels are prepared with HMT-modified breadfruit starch at 80&#xa0;°C with 0.0075&#xa0;g of MBA, exhibiting stable gel structures with the highest swelling capacity (4026.25%), gel fraction (28.74%), soil water retention capacity (24.49% after 30&#xa0;days), and nitrogen release (92% over 30&#xa0;days in water). Furthermore, the use of hydrogel as a slow release fertilizer significantly affects the germination and growth of curly red chili seeds. The addition of 0.2% hydrogel to loose soil enhanced seed viability and vigor, achieving optimal potential growth parameters, including germination rate (93.33%), seedling emergence (80%), vigor index (36.66%), growth rate (17.4% per day), uniformity of growth (91.66%), and seedling height (2.5&#xa0;cm) at 7&#xa0;days after sowing (DAS).</p>

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The effect of N,N′-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) on hydrogels as urea slow release fertilizer from breadfruit starch modified by heat moisture treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Dewi Sondari,
  • Zulfa Nidaul Jannah Al Izzati,
  • Hendrawati,
  • Putri Amanda,
  • Herlina Marta,
  • Arzqa Sabila Hanifah,
  • Hana Nur Fitriana,
  • Riksfardini Annisa Ermawar,
  • Zelda Aldilah Andari

摘要

Excessive use of urea fertilizer in agriculture contributes to environmental pollution, as a significant amount of its nitrogen is not absorbed by plants and is instead lost to the environment. Hydrogel-based fertilizer with a controlled release offers a promising approach for this issue. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of natural breadfruit starch heat-moisture treatment (HMT)-modified breadfruit starch as a base material for urea slow release fertilizers to determine the effect of crosslinker composition N,N-Methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) with variation of 0.0075; 0.0100; and 0.0150 g on hydrogel characteristics and to determine the hydrogel impact on germination and growth of curly red chili seeds. The results indicate that HMT-modified breadfruit starch outperforms natural breadfruit starch as a base material for slow release fertilizers due to its enhanced gel degradation resistance, swelling efficiency, soil water retention capacity, and nutrient release profiles. Hydrogels are prepared with HMT-modified breadfruit starch at 80 °C with 0.0075 g of MBA, exhibiting stable gel structures with the highest swelling capacity (4026.25%), gel fraction (28.74%), soil water retention capacity (24.49% after 30 days), and nitrogen release (92% over 30 days in water). Furthermore, the use of hydrogel as a slow release fertilizer significantly affects the germination and growth of curly red chili seeds. The addition of 0.2% hydrogel to loose soil enhanced seed viability and vigor, achieving optimal potential growth parameters, including germination rate (93.33%), seedling emergence (80%), vigor index (36.66%), growth rate (17.4% per day), uniformity of growth (91.66%), and seedling height (2.5 cm) at 7 days after sowing (DAS).