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<p>Water splitting is a promising and sustainable energy conversion strategy for hydrogen production, enabling the generation of clean fuel without carbon-based emissions. The advancement of this technology critically relies on the development of efficient, durable, and cost-effective electrocatalysts. In this study, environmentally benign and low-cost NiAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@C spinel nanocomposites was synthesized via a sol–gel route to enhance electrocatalytic and energy-storage performance. The structural, morphological, and chemical properties of the prepared materials were systematically investigated using powder XRD, XPS, SEM, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis, and HR-TEM. The electrocatalytic HER performance of pristine NiAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and its carbon-coated counterparts was evaluated in 1.0&#xa0;M KOH using a three-electrode configuration. Among the investigated catalysts, the 60%C@NiAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite exhibited superior HER activity, delivering a current density of 10&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> at an overpotential of − 139&#xa0;mV, along with a Tafel slope of 168&#xa0;mV&#xa0;dec<sup>−1</sup>, a high ECSA of 16 cm<sup>2</sup>. The catalyst also demonstrated excellent operational stability, maintaining a stable current response during continuous chronoamperometric testing over 120&#xa0;h. In addition to electrocatalytic performance, the carbon-coated nickel aluminate nanocomposites showed outstanding supercapacitive behaviour. Notably, the 60%C@NiAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> electrode delivered a high specific capacitance of 1109&#xa0;F g<sup>−1</sup> and an energy density of 38.51&#xa0;Wh&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 0.50&#xa0;A g<sup>−1</sup>. Overall, the synergistic integration of spinel NiAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> with conductive carbon yields a bifunctional material capable of efficient hydrogen evolution and high-performance energy storage, highlighting its strong potential for integrated sustainable energy applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Carbon-encapsulated NiAl2O4 spinel nanocomposites for bifunctional hydrogen evolution and high-performance supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Mir Intaj Ali,
  • Ayyamperumal Sivanandakrishnan,
  • Subash Jacob,
  • Gopika Gopakumar,
  • Manoj Kumar Patra,
  • Yojana Janu,
  • Virender Singh Chauhan,
  • Shamima Hussain,
  • Mir Sahanur Ali,
  • Subhenjit Hazra

摘要

Water splitting is a promising and sustainable energy conversion strategy for hydrogen production, enabling the generation of clean fuel without carbon-based emissions. The advancement of this technology critically relies on the development of efficient, durable, and cost-effective electrocatalysts. In this study, environmentally benign and low-cost NiAl2O4@C spinel nanocomposites was synthesized via a sol–gel route to enhance electrocatalytic and energy-storage performance. The structural, morphological, and chemical properties of the prepared materials were systematically investigated using powder XRD, XPS, SEM, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis, and HR-TEM. The electrocatalytic HER performance of pristine NiAl2O4 and its carbon-coated counterparts was evaluated in 1.0 M KOH using a three-electrode configuration. Among the investigated catalysts, the 60%C@NiAl2O4 nanocomposite exhibited superior HER activity, delivering a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of − 139 mV, along with a Tafel slope of 168 mV dec−1, a high ECSA of 16 cm2. The catalyst also demonstrated excellent operational stability, maintaining a stable current response during continuous chronoamperometric testing over 120 h. In addition to electrocatalytic performance, the carbon-coated nickel aluminate nanocomposites showed outstanding supercapacitive behaviour. Notably, the 60%C@NiAl2O4 electrode delivered a high specific capacitance of 1109 F g−1 and an energy density of 38.51 Wh kg−1 at a current density of 0.50 A g−1. Overall, the synergistic integration of spinel NiAl2O4 with conductive carbon yields a bifunctional material capable of efficient hydrogen evolution and high-performance energy storage, highlighting its strong potential for integrated sustainable energy applications.

Graphical Abstract