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<p>To meet the application requirements of high driving strain for dielectric elastomers, this study systematically investigated the influence of CCTO filler morphology on the dielectric properties, mechanical properties, and electromechanical performance of dielectric elastomer composites. CCTO nanoparticles with an average particle size of approximately 300–500&#xa0;nm were synthesized via chemical co-precipitation and incorporated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at a mass fraction of 2&#xa0;wt%. The resulting composite exhibited a driving strain of 6.68% at 10&#xa0;kV/mm and a low elastic modulus (~ 3.5&#xa0;MPa). In contrast, CCTO nanorods (CCTO-NR) synthesized by the Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> molten salt method demonstrated superior electromechanical properties at the same loading level, with a strain of 8.12% at 10&#xa0;kV/mm, which was 22% higher than the former, and maintained a lower modulus (~ 3&#xa0;MPa).The key innovation of this study lies in demonstrating that the anisotropic geometry of nanorods significantly enhances interfacial polarization and stress transfer, thereby improving the dielectric response and actuation performance at reduced filler content. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses confirmed uniform dispersion and strong interfacial interactions, endowing the composite with excellent mechanical flexibility (elongation &gt; 208%) and tensile strength. These findings provide a novel strategy for constructing high-performance dielectric elastomers through filler shape engineering, advancing their potential applications in actuators, soft robotics, and energy harvesting devices.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis of calcium copper titanate (CCTO) nano-powders and investigation on the properties of CCTO/silicone rubber composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Duaa Abdallah,
  • Yue Wang,
  • Xiayu Liu,
  • Luodan Zhang,
  • Junliang Liu

摘要

To meet the application requirements of high driving strain for dielectric elastomers, this study systematically investigated the influence of CCTO filler morphology on the dielectric properties, mechanical properties, and electromechanical performance of dielectric elastomer composites. CCTO nanoparticles with an average particle size of approximately 300–500 nm were synthesized via chemical co-precipitation and incorporated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at a mass fraction of 2 wt%. The resulting composite exhibited a driving strain of 6.68% at 10 kV/mm and a low elastic modulus (~ 3.5 MPa). In contrast, CCTO nanorods (CCTO-NR) synthesized by the Na2SO4-K2SO4 molten salt method demonstrated superior electromechanical properties at the same loading level, with a strain of 8.12% at 10 kV/mm, which was 22% higher than the former, and maintained a lower modulus (~ 3 MPa).The key innovation of this study lies in demonstrating that the anisotropic geometry of nanorods significantly enhances interfacial polarization and stress transfer, thereby improving the dielectric response and actuation performance at reduced filler content. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses confirmed uniform dispersion and strong interfacial interactions, endowing the composite with excellent mechanical flexibility (elongation > 208%) and tensile strength. These findings provide a novel strategy for constructing high-performance dielectric elastomers through filler shape engineering, advancing their potential applications in actuators, soft robotics, and energy harvesting devices.

Graphical abstract