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<p>The control of droplet transition and welding pore in the metal inert gas welding process is a special concern due to the characteristics of aluminum alloy welding materials and determines the performance of the welded joint. This study investigates the weld formation, porosity, and droplet transfer processes at a current of 200&#xa0;A. The effects of oscillating laser stirring on porosity suppression and weld formation were examined through a high-speed camera system, which captured droplet transfer and weld pool flow dynamics. The findings indicate that weld formation is optimized under a circular oscillating trajectory, with weld penetration remaining stable at approximately 3&#xa0;mm, showing minimal sensitivity to oscillating parameters. By adjusting these parameters, the porosity of the weld was reduced to 0.3%. The introduction of oscillating laser technology stabilized the droplet transfer frequency at 200&#xa0;Hz, resulting in a 75.3% reduction in the proportion of unstable voltage waveforms and improved droplet transfer stability. The suppression of porosity by the oscillating laser molten pool is attributed to two primary factors: firstly, the circular oscillating trajectory redistributes the energy of the laser beam in a spiral manner, reheating the molten pool and increasing its width, thereby providing more time for pores to escape and reducing porosity. Secondly, the high-frequency oscillation of the laser keyhole induces a stirring effect on the molten pool, transitioning its flow from laminar to turbulent, which shears the pores and further decreases weld porosity.</p>

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Study on the droplet transition and pore suppression behavior of aluminum alloy MIG welding assisted by oscillating laser

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Yang He,
  • Xinshen Zhang,
  • Yinhui Rao,
  • Xiaojie Yang,
  • Peng Zhao,
  • Zhidong Yang,
  • Kun Wang,
  • Chenfu Fang,
  • Zhihong Chen

摘要

The control of droplet transition and welding pore in the metal inert gas welding process is a special concern due to the characteristics of aluminum alloy welding materials and determines the performance of the welded joint. This study investigates the weld formation, porosity, and droplet transfer processes at a current of 200 A. The effects of oscillating laser stirring on porosity suppression and weld formation were examined through a high-speed camera system, which captured droplet transfer and weld pool flow dynamics. The findings indicate that weld formation is optimized under a circular oscillating trajectory, with weld penetration remaining stable at approximately 3 mm, showing minimal sensitivity to oscillating parameters. By adjusting these parameters, the porosity of the weld was reduced to 0.3%. The introduction of oscillating laser technology stabilized the droplet transfer frequency at 200 Hz, resulting in a 75.3% reduction in the proportion of unstable voltage waveforms and improved droplet transfer stability. The suppression of porosity by the oscillating laser molten pool is attributed to two primary factors: firstly, the circular oscillating trajectory redistributes the energy of the laser beam in a spiral manner, reheating the molten pool and increasing its width, thereby providing more time for pores to escape and reducing porosity. Secondly, the high-frequency oscillation of the laser keyhole induces a stirring effect on the molten pool, transitioning its flow from laminar to turbulent, which shears the pores and further decreases weld porosity.