<p>Different industries, mainly the textile industry, contribute significantly to growing the economy of the country. But the rapid industrialization has also increased the environmental concern as hazardous effluents released from the industries come in contact with the freshwater level, leading to contamination. This contaminated water then enters the food chain and causes multiple adverse effects on both the aquatic and terrestrial organisms, as well as on humans. Among different methods of treating the effluent, the adsorption process is cost-effective and widely applied worldwide. Hydrogels are a specific type of adsorbent that is able to adsorb a significant amount of water with high adsorption efficiency. Various biobased materials like PVA, chitosan, cellulose, pectin, etc. are used for the synthesis of hydrogels in recent times for the characteristics like non-toxicity and biodegradability, easy accessibility of raw materials, and great adsorption capacity. In this review article, the risks associated with textile wastewater, synthesis processes of various biobased hydrogels and their implementation in the treatment of toxic contaminants present in textile wastewater are described in detail.</p>