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<p>MAX phase materials bridge the gap between metals and ceramics due to their unique combination of properties. This study focuses on the low-temperature synthesis of Ti₃AlC₂ by mixing Al, TiC, and TiH₂ powders in an optimized molar ratio using planetary ball milling, followed by pressureless sintering in an argon atmosphere. XRD confirmed the formation of Ti₃AlC₂ with minor TiC<sub>x</sub> impurities, while SEM revealed its characteristic lamellar grains. EDX showed the average atomic percentage is 50.046, 14.388, and 32.328% of Ti, Al, and C. EDX at two different points also indicated TiC<sub>x</sub> impurity as reported in XRD. XPS analyses validated elemental composition and Ti-C bonding, with a negative shift in Al2p spectra indicating electrostatic interactions between Ti₃C₂ and Al. DSC was done up to 1400&#xa0;°C, and results showed no phase transformations, whereas TG and HT-XRD indicated selective oxidation of Al starting to form Al₂O₃ and TiCx above 800&#xa0;°C. Overall, the study demonstrates an effective low-temperature route for synthesizing Ti₃AlC₂ and provides insights into its structural and thermal stability, beneficial for advanced high-temperature applications.</p>

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Synthesis and high-temperature thermal stability of Ti3AlC2 in inert atmosphere via TiH2-assisted sintering

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Vyom Desai,
  • Arunsinh B. Zala,
  • Aroh Shrivastava,
  • Vikas Rathore,
  • Tejas Parekh,
  • N. I. Jamnapara

摘要

MAX phase materials bridge the gap between metals and ceramics due to their unique combination of properties. This study focuses on the low-temperature synthesis of Ti₃AlC₂ by mixing Al, TiC, and TiH₂ powders in an optimized molar ratio using planetary ball milling, followed by pressureless sintering in an argon atmosphere. XRD confirmed the formation of Ti₃AlC₂ with minor TiCx impurities, while SEM revealed its characteristic lamellar grains. EDX showed the average atomic percentage is 50.046, 14.388, and 32.328% of Ti, Al, and C. EDX at two different points also indicated TiCx impurity as reported in XRD. XPS analyses validated elemental composition and Ti-C bonding, with a negative shift in Al2p spectra indicating electrostatic interactions between Ti₃C₂ and Al. DSC was done up to 1400 °C, and results showed no phase transformations, whereas TG and HT-XRD indicated selective oxidation of Al starting to form Al₂O₃ and TiCx above 800 °C. Overall, the study demonstrates an effective low-temperature route for synthesizing Ti₃AlC₂ and provides insights into its structural and thermal stability, beneficial for advanced high-temperature applications.