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<p>Waste solar panel (WSP) glass powder is mixed with graphite and heat-treated to develop a composite negative electrode active material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). WSP was categorized as soda-lime glass with a relatively low softening point of ~ 700&#xa0;°C. WSP and graphite were heat treated, which promoted sintering, forming a compact and conductive composite structure. Electrochemical tests were performed to compare the potential shifts and redox peaks of the fabricated electrodes. The sintered WSP–graphite (WSPG) exhibited improved Li-ion diffusivity and enhanced electronic conductivity, both of which are essential for achieving stable electrochemical performance. Electrochemical tests showed that heat-treated WSPG electrodes exhibited reduced potential shifts and sharper redox peaks compared to those of untreated samples, indicating more efficient lithiation–delithiation processes. However, excessive heat-treatment temperatures deteriorated the crystallinity of graphite, increasing irreversible capacity and decreasing specific capacity. The WSPG sintered at 1200&#xa0;°C (WSPG1200) displayed the best electrochemical performance with a high specific capacity of 319&#xa0;mAh/g. These results indicate that appropriate heat treatment effectively optimizes the balance between particle sintering and structural integrity. Although the specific capacity of WSPG1200 is slightly lower than that of graphite, utilizing waste glass in electrode materials offers an environment-friendly and resource-efficient approach. This study demonstrated the feasibility of upcycling WSP glass into high-performance LIB negative electrode materials, highlighting a sustainable strategy for circular material utilization in energy storage applications.</p>

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Fabrication of heat-treated waste solar panel glass/graphite composites as negative electrode active materials for lithium-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • Takuya Eguchi,
  • Reiichi Chiba,
  • Tashima Daisuke,
  • Yusuke Abe,
  • Seiji Kumagai

摘要

Waste solar panel (WSP) glass powder is mixed with graphite and heat-treated to develop a composite negative electrode active material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). WSP was categorized as soda-lime glass with a relatively low softening point of ~ 700 °C. WSP and graphite were heat treated, which promoted sintering, forming a compact and conductive composite structure. Electrochemical tests were performed to compare the potential shifts and redox peaks of the fabricated electrodes. The sintered WSP–graphite (WSPG) exhibited improved Li-ion diffusivity and enhanced electronic conductivity, both of which are essential for achieving stable electrochemical performance. Electrochemical tests showed that heat-treated WSPG electrodes exhibited reduced potential shifts and sharper redox peaks compared to those of untreated samples, indicating more efficient lithiation–delithiation processes. However, excessive heat-treatment temperatures deteriorated the crystallinity of graphite, increasing irreversible capacity and decreasing specific capacity. The WSPG sintered at 1200 °C (WSPG1200) displayed the best electrochemical performance with a high specific capacity of 319 mAh/g. These results indicate that appropriate heat treatment effectively optimizes the balance between particle sintering and structural integrity. Although the specific capacity of WSPG1200 is slightly lower than that of graphite, utilizing waste glass in electrode materials offers an environment-friendly and resource-efficient approach. This study demonstrated the feasibility of upcycling WSP glass into high-performance LIB negative electrode materials, highlighting a sustainable strategy for circular material utilization in energy storage applications.