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<p>ZnMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/V<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub> composite cathodes for zinc-ion batteries were calcinated at temperatures between 300 and 700&#xa0;°C, and the effect of the calcination temperature was investigated. The sample treated at 500&#xa0;°C showed improved structural stability and diffusion due to moderate grain size, well-defined ZnMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, and easy integration of the conductive V<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub> nanosheets. At a current density of 0.1&#xa0;A&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>, the specific capacity reaches 136.2&#xa0;mAh&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> after 100 cycles. The improvement could be due to the optimized Mn<sup>3+</sup> redox activity resulting from the specific calcination temperature and the enhanced ion transport by V<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub>. These results offer valuable experimental insights to the thermal treatment of high-performance zinc-ion battery cathodes, which could lead to cost-efficient large-scale energy storage systems.</p>

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The effect of calcination temperature on the properties of ZnMn2O4/V2CTx as cathode material for zinc-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Xinyuan Pei,
  • Qing Zhao,
  • Ji Li,
  • Ming Lu,
  • Wenjuan Han,
  • Li Wang

摘要

ZnMn2O4/V2CTx composite cathodes for zinc-ion batteries were calcinated at temperatures between 300 and 700 °C, and the effect of the calcination temperature was investigated. The sample treated at 500 °C showed improved structural stability and diffusion due to moderate grain size, well-defined ZnMn2O4 nanoparticles, and easy integration of the conductive V2CTx nanosheets. At a current density of 0.1 A g−1, the specific capacity reaches 136.2 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. The improvement could be due to the optimized Mn3+ redox activity resulting from the specific calcination temperature and the enhanced ion transport by V2CTx. These results offer valuable experimental insights to the thermal treatment of high-performance zinc-ion battery cathodes, which could lead to cost-efficient large-scale energy storage systems.