<p>In biomedical applications, precise monitoring of oxygen (O₂) is crucial, as abnormal oxygen levels can lead to severe physiological conditions such as respiratory failure and oxygen toxicity. Optical oxygen sensors have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional electrochemical sensors due to their non-invasive nature, high sensitivity, and rapid response. Oxygen-sensitive fluorophores, such as Ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(dpp)₃]<sup>2</sup>⁺, known for their excellent photostability and distinctive red emission, are widely employed in fluorescence quenching mechanisms within these sensors. However, traditional polymer-based matrices often exhibit poor mechanical stability and limited oxygen permeability, highlighting the need for advanced materials and structural innovations. To enhance its photoluminescent properties, a cellulose acetate (CA) matrix doped with Ru(dpp)₃<sup>2</sup>⁺ was integrated with anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), resulting in a novel optical oxygen sensor. AgNPs amplify fluorescence through localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects, while AAO provides a highly porous structure that facilitates efficient oxygen diffusion and the immobilization of fluorophores. Photoluminescence measurements under 405&#xa0;nm LED excitation revealed a distinct red emission peak within the 580–610&#xa0;nm range. Exhibiting a sensitivity factor of 34, the sensor demonstrated a linear response to oxygen concentrations from 0 to 100%, indicating strong interactions among oxygen molecules, AAO, AgNPs, and the CA matrix. This design provides excellent stability, fast response, and minimal variation in excitation intensity, ensuring consistent performance. The proposed sensor delivers a dependable, non-invasive solution for real-time oxygen monitoring, highlighting its significant potential for applications in the biomedical field.</p>

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Fabrication of a plasmon-enhanced optical oxygen sensor Ru(dpp)₃2⁺ embedded in a cellulose acetate– AAO hybrid matrix for biomedical applications

  • Rispandi,
  • Nusyirwan Nusyirwan,
  • Lega Putri Utami,
  • Alfikri Ikhsan,
  • Alika Fathiinah Rianto,
  • Manna Septriani Simanjuntak,
  • Cheng-Shane Chu

摘要

In biomedical applications, precise monitoring of oxygen (O₂) is crucial, as abnormal oxygen levels can lead to severe physiological conditions such as respiratory failure and oxygen toxicity. Optical oxygen sensors have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional electrochemical sensors due to their non-invasive nature, high sensitivity, and rapid response. Oxygen-sensitive fluorophores, such as Ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(dpp)₃]2⁺, known for their excellent photostability and distinctive red emission, are widely employed in fluorescence quenching mechanisms within these sensors. However, traditional polymer-based matrices often exhibit poor mechanical stability and limited oxygen permeability, highlighting the need for advanced materials and structural innovations. To enhance its photoluminescent properties, a cellulose acetate (CA) matrix doped with Ru(dpp)₃2⁺ was integrated with anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), resulting in a novel optical oxygen sensor. AgNPs amplify fluorescence through localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects, while AAO provides a highly porous structure that facilitates efficient oxygen diffusion and the immobilization of fluorophores. Photoluminescence measurements under 405 nm LED excitation revealed a distinct red emission peak within the 580–610 nm range. Exhibiting a sensitivity factor of 34, the sensor demonstrated a linear response to oxygen concentrations from 0 to 100%, indicating strong interactions among oxygen molecules, AAO, AgNPs, and the CA matrix. This design provides excellent stability, fast response, and minimal variation in excitation intensity, ensuring consistent performance. The proposed sensor delivers a dependable, non-invasive solution for real-time oxygen monitoring, highlighting its significant potential for applications in the biomedical field.