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<p>In this research, mullite/cordierite (Mu/C) composite ceramics were synthesized using a novel low-temperature solgel technique, offering an energy-efficient approach to advanced ceramic fabrication. The precursors were prepared using Si(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O)<sub>4</sub> and Al(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>·9H<sub>2</sub>O as sources for SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, respectively. The amorphous powder's formation and crystallization were confirmed by structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the sintered microstructure was discovered by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) following an hour of treatment at 1600&#xa0;°C. Density measurements showed that increasing cordierite content reduced both apparent density and open porosity, influencing the material’s microstructural integrity. Complex impedance spectroscopy was utilized to examine electrical and dielectric behaviors over the frequency range of 100–10<sup>6</sup>&#xa0;Hz and the temperature range of 40–400&#xa0;°C. The findings demonstrated that the dielectric constant's real and imaginary parts rose with temperature but fell with frequency. The activation energies from the Arrhenius analysis backed up the change in the imaginary modulus and impedance peak with temperature, showing that the relaxation mechanism is not a simple Debye type. This study points out the strong electrical performance and adjustable transport behavior of Mu/C composites, making them great for real-world uses like high-temperature sensors, capacitors, and dielectric parts in tough conditions.</p> Graphical abstract <p> </p>

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Exceptional dielectric properties and non-Debye behavior in mullite/cordierite ceramic composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Ahcen Keziz,
  • Meand Heraiz,
  • Mohammed Rasheed,
  • Kherifi Djelel,
  • Abderrazek Oueslati,
  • Linda Aissani

摘要

In this research, mullite/cordierite (Mu/C) composite ceramics were synthesized using a novel low-temperature solgel technique, offering an energy-efficient approach to advanced ceramic fabrication. The precursors were prepared using Si(C2H5O)4 and Al(NO3)3·9H2O as sources for SiO2 and Al2O3, respectively. The amorphous powder's formation and crystallization were confirmed by structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the sintered microstructure was discovered by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) following an hour of treatment at 1600 °C. Density measurements showed that increasing cordierite content reduced both apparent density and open porosity, influencing the material’s microstructural integrity. Complex impedance spectroscopy was utilized to examine electrical and dielectric behaviors over the frequency range of 100–106 Hz and the temperature range of 40–400 °C. The findings demonstrated that the dielectric constant's real and imaginary parts rose with temperature but fell with frequency. The activation energies from the Arrhenius analysis backed up the change in the imaginary modulus and impedance peak with temperature, showing that the relaxation mechanism is not a simple Debye type. This study points out the strong electrical performance and adjustable transport behavior of Mu/C composites, making them great for real-world uses like high-temperature sensors, capacitors, and dielectric parts in tough conditions.

Graphical abstract