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<p>Inspired by natural surface architectures, a snake-scale-like micro-texture was mechanically fabricated on a Ti–6Al–4V alloy using precision micro-milling. Three textured configurations with pitches of 200&#xa0;µm, 350&#xa0;µm, and 500&#xa0;µm (each with a depth of 20&#xa0;µm) were designed to investigate their influence on key tribological and biological functions. For this, wettability, wear resistance, bacterial adhesion, and cellular response were systematically evaluated. The 350&#xa0;µm textured surface exhibited a ~ 32.43% reduction in coefficient of friction and a ~ 37.82% improvement in wettability compared to the untextured sample. Antibacterial assays demonstrated a significant decrease in bacterial viability, with <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> exhibiting up to ~ 42.5% and ~ 23% decreased activity, respectively, on textured surfaces. In vitro cellular experiments confirmed that all textured samples supported good cell viability and enhanced proliferation, with pronounced cell alignment observed along the direction of the grooves. These features promote the formation of focal adhesions and directional cell growth. From a multifunctional perspective, the anisotropic, snake-scale-inspired surface textures not only reduce wear and bacterial adhesion but also facilitate directional cell alignment and proliferation, thereby promoting osseointegration and enhancing the clinical potential of titanium-based orthopedic implants.</p>

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Bioinspired micro-texturing of T-i6Al-4V for enhanced tribological, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial performances

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Surya Prakash Singh,
  • Pooja Rani,
  • Karali Patra

摘要

Inspired by natural surface architectures, a snake-scale-like micro-texture was mechanically fabricated on a Ti–6Al–4V alloy using precision micro-milling. Three textured configurations with pitches of 200 µm, 350 µm, and 500 µm (each with a depth of 20 µm) were designed to investigate their influence on key tribological and biological functions. For this, wettability, wear resistance, bacterial adhesion, and cellular response were systematically evaluated. The 350 µm textured surface exhibited a ~ 32.43% reduction in coefficient of friction and a ~ 37.82% improvement in wettability compared to the untextured sample. Antibacterial assays demonstrated a significant decrease in bacterial viability, with E. coli and S. aureus exhibiting up to ~ 42.5% and ~ 23% decreased activity, respectively, on textured surfaces. In vitro cellular experiments confirmed that all textured samples supported good cell viability and enhanced proliferation, with pronounced cell alignment observed along the direction of the grooves. These features promote the formation of focal adhesions and directional cell growth. From a multifunctional perspective, the anisotropic, snake-scale-inspired surface textures not only reduce wear and bacterial adhesion but also facilitate directional cell alignment and proliferation, thereby promoting osseointegration and enhancing the clinical potential of titanium-based orthopedic implants.