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<p>Synergistic flame retardants capable of enhancing both the flame retardancy and the mechanical properties of epoxy resin (EP) are crucial for developing high-performance flame-retardant EP. Using fumaric acid and terephthalic acid as ligands and iron ions as coordination metals, four iron-based metal–organic frameworks&#xa0;(Fe-MOFs) with different morphologies, namely hexahedra and hexagonal bipyramids d-MIL-88A-Fe, rod-shaped r-MIL-88A-Fe, diamond-shaped sphere s-MIL-88B-Fe, and hexagonal bipyramidal diamond d-MIL-88B-Fe, were obtained by controlling the preparation condition. The influence of the addition of these Fe-MOFs on the EP mechanical properties and flame retardancy was explored. The r-MIL-88A-Fe showed the best performance. Meanwhile, r-MIL-88A-Fe and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) exhibited a synergistic flame retardancy in EP. In the UL-94 test, EP-(r)Fe88A-APP<sub>1:19</sub>, containing 8% r-MIL-88A-Fe and APP with the mass ratio at 1:19 in EP, reached V-0 level, while EP-APP, containing 8% APP in EP, only reached V-1 level. Moreover, the tensile strength and impact strength of EP-(r)Fe88A-APP<sub>1:19</sub> increased by 12.9% and 42.4%, respectively, compared to EP-APP. The r-MIL-88A-Fe and APP synergistic flame retardant shows excellent potential in preparing high-performance flame-retardant EP.</p>

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Iron-based MOF with rodlike morphology boosting flame retardancy and mechanical strength of epoxy containing ammonium polyphosphate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Xiaoran Wang,
  • Song Wang

摘要

Synergistic flame retardants capable of enhancing both the flame retardancy and the mechanical properties of epoxy resin (EP) are crucial for developing high-performance flame-retardant EP. Using fumaric acid and terephthalic acid as ligands and iron ions as coordination metals, four iron-based metal–organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs) with different morphologies, namely hexahedra and hexagonal bipyramids d-MIL-88A-Fe, rod-shaped r-MIL-88A-Fe, diamond-shaped sphere s-MIL-88B-Fe, and hexagonal bipyramidal diamond d-MIL-88B-Fe, were obtained by controlling the preparation condition. The influence of the addition of these Fe-MOFs on the EP mechanical properties and flame retardancy was explored. The r-MIL-88A-Fe showed the best performance. Meanwhile, r-MIL-88A-Fe and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) exhibited a synergistic flame retardancy in EP. In the UL-94 test, EP-(r)Fe88A-APP1:19, containing 8% r-MIL-88A-Fe and APP with the mass ratio at 1:19 in EP, reached V-0 level, while EP-APP, containing 8% APP in EP, only reached V-1 level. Moreover, the tensile strength and impact strength of EP-(r)Fe88A-APP1:19 increased by 12.9% and 42.4%, respectively, compared to EP-APP. The r-MIL-88A-Fe and APP synergistic flame retardant shows excellent potential in preparing high-performance flame-retardant EP.