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<p>The multiferroic perovskite Na<sub>0.4</sub>Bi<sub>0.6</sub>Ti<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic was successfully synthesized by the molten salt synthesis method with KCl/K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> salts. Comprehensive investigations were conducted on the structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of the material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of a single-phase rhombohedral structure within the <i>R</i>3<i>c</i> space group, with Rietveld refinement revealing significant structural distortion in the <i>B</i>O<sub>6</sub> octahedral. The vibration modes observed in the IR spectra confirm the successful incorporation of Fe<sup>3</sup>⁺ ions at the <i>B</i>-site, with a preference for forming Fe–O–Fe local bonds. Ferroelectric behavior was demonstrated by the observed phase transition peak (<i>T</i><sub><i>m</i></sub>) and remanent polarization (<i>P</i><sub><i>r</i></sub>). The broad and frequency-dependent dielectric peak confirms the relaxor behavior induced by cationic modification. The magnetic properties of Na<sub>0.4</sub>Bi<sub>0.6</sub>Ti<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> exhibit weak ferromagnetic behavior. Thus, Na<sub>0.4</sub>Bi<sub>0.6</sub>Ti<sub>0.8</sub>Fe<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> exhibits multiferroic behavior, with ferroelectric and ferromagnetic ordering coexistence within a single phase.</p>

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Synthesis, structural, dielectric, and magnetic properties of lead-free Na0.4Bi0.6Ti0.8Fe0.2O3 multiferroic perovskite ceramic

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Tio Putra Wendari,
  • Muzzammil Fajri,
  • Emriadi,
  • Muhammad Ali Akbar,
  • Fadhil Ahmad Zaky,
  • Hanif Haidar,
  • Zulhadjri,
  • Yulia Eka Putri,
  • Thamil Selvi Velayutham

摘要

The multiferroic perovskite Na0.4Bi0.6Ti0.8Fe0.2O3 ceramic was successfully synthesized by the molten salt synthesis method with KCl/K2SO4 salts. Comprehensive investigations were conducted on the structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of the material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of a single-phase rhombohedral structure within the R3c space group, with Rietveld refinement revealing significant structural distortion in the BO6 octahedral. The vibration modes observed in the IR spectra confirm the successful incorporation of Fe3⁺ ions at the B-site, with a preference for forming Fe–O–Fe local bonds. Ferroelectric behavior was demonstrated by the observed phase transition peak (Tm) and remanent polarization (Pr). The broad and frequency-dependent dielectric peak confirms the relaxor behavior induced by cationic modification. The magnetic properties of Na0.4Bi0.6Ti0.8Fe0.2O3 exhibit weak ferromagnetic behavior. Thus, Na0.4Bi0.6Ti0.8Fe0.2O3 exhibits multiferroic behavior, with ferroelectric and ferromagnetic ordering coexistence within a single phase.