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<p>This study presents a cost-effective, and customizable 3D-printed process for developing superhydrophobic and oleophilic porous membrane. The mesh is developed via fused deposition modelling (FDM) combined with a sequential surface modification process using methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS). In contrast to conventional metallic meshes, the proposed membrane offers tunable pore sizes, superior chemical stability, and gravity-driven oil–water separation, and thus making it highly suitable for domestic wastewater treatment. The modified membranes demonstrated excellent water repellency with water contact angles of 164.47° with 0.3&#xa0;g of silicon dioxide nanoparticles. The surface exhibited a water contact angle of 160–165°, even under harsh pH environments, indicating excellent chemical stability. The intrusion pressure experiments validated the selective permeability of the meshes, showing strong resistance to water penetration while allowing oil to pass through the mesh. The oil–water separation tests using different cooking oils revealed that a mesh with a hole side length of 0.4&#xa0;mm achieved separation efficacy above 99%, while a larger hole side length facilitated higher oil flux rates of 870.60&#xa0;mlm<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup> at 1&#xa0;mm for sunflower oil. The optimized mesh structure balances high selectivity and flux, making it well-suited for low-cost, gravity-driven oil–water separation (OWS) in domestic applications.</p>

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Superhydrophobic and oleophilic 3D-printed porous membranes for gravity-driven oil–water separation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Avinash Kumar,
  • Yadav Narendra Kumar Rajbahadur,
  • Sushant Negi,
  • Simanchal Kar

摘要

This study presents a cost-effective, and customizable 3D-printed process for developing superhydrophobic and oleophilic porous membrane. The mesh is developed via fused deposition modelling (FDM) combined with a sequential surface modification process using methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), hydrophobic silica nanoparticles, and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS). In contrast to conventional metallic meshes, the proposed membrane offers tunable pore sizes, superior chemical stability, and gravity-driven oil–water separation, and thus making it highly suitable for domestic wastewater treatment. The modified membranes demonstrated excellent water repellency with water contact angles of 164.47° with 0.3 g of silicon dioxide nanoparticles. The surface exhibited a water contact angle of 160–165°, even under harsh pH environments, indicating excellent chemical stability. The intrusion pressure experiments validated the selective permeability of the meshes, showing strong resistance to water penetration while allowing oil to pass through the mesh. The oil–water separation tests using different cooking oils revealed that a mesh with a hole side length of 0.4 mm achieved separation efficacy above 99%, while a larger hole side length facilitated higher oil flux rates of 870.60 mlm−2 s−1 at 1 mm for sunflower oil. The optimized mesh structure balances high selectivity and flux, making it well-suited for low-cost, gravity-driven oil–water separation (OWS) in domestic applications.