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<p>This study explores how indium additions affects precipitation processes in a commercially available AlMgSi alloy. Experimental alloys were produced with a simple procedure which involves remelting of the original alloy and adding new elements. A series of heat treatments were conducted to induce phase transformations leading to precipitation strengthening. On the basis of differential scanning calorimetry and microscopic observations, it was revealed that the role of indium depends on the clusters formed in the early precipitation stage, either natural or artificial. Indium atoms can be involved in nucleation and growth of strengthening phases or hinder precipitation by depleting the number of vacancies. The former was reported only for the low content of In (0.6% weight) in the alloy and direct artificial ageing. The latter occurred when indium clusters formed spontaneously when diffusion of indium was accelerated either by increased content of alloying element in the alloy or prolonged room-temperature storage&#xa0;which enabled diffusion. It was found that direct artificial ageing at 160&#xa0;°C of indium-containing alloy enables achieving typical&#xa0;hardness values for AlMgSi alloys faster, after by 4h. In the case of samples naturally and then artificially aged, it was possible to mitigate frequently reported negative effect of room-temperature storage on the peak hardness. Indium-containing alloys were harder up to 20% in peak condition after room-temperature storage. The tendency of indium to form clusters with other alloying elements and vacancies appears to be a potential tool for the development of new alloys and heat treatment procedures aimed at achieving controllable precipitation strengthening even in case of prolonged natural ageing as is an inevitable situation in the industrial scale.</p>

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The role of indium in precipitation processes in microalloyed AlMgSi alloy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月31日

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  • Witold Chromiński,
  • Michał Kanios,
  • Grzegorz Cieślak,
  • Jacek Goliński,
  • Małgorzata Lewandowska

摘要

This study explores how indium additions affects precipitation processes in a commercially available AlMgSi alloy. Experimental alloys were produced with a simple procedure which involves remelting of the original alloy and adding new elements. A series of heat treatments were conducted to induce phase transformations leading to precipitation strengthening. On the basis of differential scanning calorimetry and microscopic observations, it was revealed that the role of indium depends on the clusters formed in the early precipitation stage, either natural or artificial. Indium atoms can be involved in nucleation and growth of strengthening phases or hinder precipitation by depleting the number of vacancies. The former was reported only for the low content of In (0.6% weight) in the alloy and direct artificial ageing. The latter occurred when indium clusters formed spontaneously when diffusion of indium was accelerated either by increased content of alloying element in the alloy or prolonged room-temperature storage which enabled diffusion. It was found that direct artificial ageing at 160 °C of indium-containing alloy enables achieving typical hardness values for AlMgSi alloys faster, after by 4h. In the case of samples naturally and then artificially aged, it was possible to mitigate frequently reported negative effect of room-temperature storage on the peak hardness. Indium-containing alloys were harder up to 20% in peak condition after room-temperature storage. The tendency of indium to form clusters with other alloying elements and vacancies appears to be a potential tool for the development of new alloys and heat treatment procedures aimed at achieving controllable precipitation strengthening even in case of prolonged natural ageing as is an inevitable situation in the industrial scale.