Abstract <p>This review focuses on the application of membrane materials based on electrospinning technology for carbon capture. First, the principles of electrospinning technology are introduced, along with a summary of its applications. Second, the development of carbon capture technologies is outlined, with an emphasis on the main features of pre-combustion capture, oxy-fuel combustion capture, and post-combustion capture. The key post-combustion CO₂ separation methods, including absorption, adsorption, and membrane separation technologies, are discussed in detail. Subsequently, the focus is placed on the research progress of electrospun CO₂ gas capture membrane materials, detailing the development and application of membranes made from different material types. Finally, the current status of electrospinning technology for carbon capture is summarized, and future research directions are highlighted. These include improving gas separation performance, enhancing material stability, optimizing pore structure, and achieving large-scale fabrication and practical applications. This review provides theoretical insights and technical references for the practical application of electrospinning technology in carbon capture.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>