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<p>Periodontitis is a progressive disease that is difficult to diagnose and treat. This causes pain, chewing difficulty, and ultimately teeth exfoliation, caused by harmful oral biofilms. The need for a rapid method for sample enrichment is essential for accurate diagnosis due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria in saliva at low concentrations. Novel vancomycin-grafted chitosan-coated magnetic nanocarriers (Vm-CS-MNCs) were made in this study. They effectively capture and extract DNA from gram-positive bacteria in saliva for PCR gene-sensing. The purpose of chitosan coating was to enhance biocompatibility and water solubility, while vancomycin acts as a universal probe to selectively target gram-positive bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213)</i>. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to validate the successful coating of chitosan and grafting of vancomycin onto magnetic nanocarriers. Significantly, Vm-CS-MNCs achieved a capture efficiency of over 95% at bacterial concentration as low as 10^1&#xa0;CFU/mL within 20&#xa0;min of enrichment. Finally, when coupled with PCR, Vm-CS-MNCs demonstrated significant pre-concentration ability for <i>S. aureus</i> in saliva, reducing the limit of detection (LOD) to 10&#xa0;CFU/mL. This signifies a 1,000-times enhancement in diagnostic sensitivity as compared to PCR without pre-concentration. The bacterial capture ability of these nanocarriers enabled a highly sensitive pathogen gene-sensing method.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Vm-CS-MNCs nanocarriers: approach for highly sensitive bacterial gene-sensing and sample enrichment in the molecular diagnosis of periodontal diseases

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月15日

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  • Shahab Uddin,
  • Inam Ullah,
  • Yiyao Liu,
  • Lu Bai,
  • Jiangong Duan,
  • Zhaorong Yue,
  • Li Hui,
  • Xin Wang,
  • Yang Li,
  • Zhu Jingli,
  • Hongyu Li

摘要

Periodontitis is a progressive disease that is difficult to diagnose and treat. This causes pain, chewing difficulty, and ultimately teeth exfoliation, caused by harmful oral biofilms. The need for a rapid method for sample enrichment is essential for accurate diagnosis due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria in saliva at low concentrations. Novel vancomycin-grafted chitosan-coated magnetic nanocarriers (Vm-CS-MNCs) were made in this study. They effectively capture and extract DNA from gram-positive bacteria in saliva for PCR gene-sensing. The purpose of chitosan coating was to enhance biocompatibility and water solubility, while vancomycin acts as a universal probe to selectively target gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to validate the successful coating of chitosan and grafting of vancomycin onto magnetic nanocarriers. Significantly, Vm-CS-MNCs achieved a capture efficiency of over 95% at bacterial concentration as low as 10^1 CFU/mL within 20 min of enrichment. Finally, when coupled with PCR, Vm-CS-MNCs demonstrated significant pre-concentration ability for S. aureus in saliva, reducing the limit of detection (LOD) to 10 CFU/mL. This signifies a 1,000-times enhancement in diagnostic sensitivity as compared to PCR without pre-concentration. The bacterial capture ability of these nanocarriers enabled a highly sensitive pathogen gene-sensing method.

Graphical abstract