<p>The commas between the premises in an inference from <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\psi _1,\ldots ,\psi _n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ψ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>…</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>ψ</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varphi \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>φ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are normally treated as conjunctions. This is fine, <i>except</i> when we investigate to what extent a consequence relation, or a set of inference rules, fixes the meaning of the logical constants (Carnap’s Categoricity Problem): it then in effect constitutes a bias in favor of the standard interpretation of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\wedge \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∧</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. I look at what happens to the categoricity of some sublogics of classical propositional logic if we avoid that bias by requiring that there be <i>exactly one</i> premise. This binary format is also common in the literature. It turns out that intuitionistic logic loses its categoricity, whereas classical logic keeps it. I also consider Holliday’s fundamental logic, Goldblatt’s orthologic, and some other related logics.</p>

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Carnap, Categoricity, and Commas

  • Dag Westerståhl

摘要

The commas between the premises in an inference from \(\psi _1,\ldots ,\psi _n\) ψ 1 , , ψ n to \(\varphi \) φ are normally treated as conjunctions. This is fine, except when we investigate to what extent a consequence relation, or a set of inference rules, fixes the meaning of the logical constants (Carnap’s Categoricity Problem): it then in effect constitutes a bias in favor of the standard interpretation of \(\wedge \) . I look at what happens to the categoricity of some sublogics of classical propositional logic if we avoid that bias by requiring that there be exactly one premise. This binary format is also common in the literature. It turns out that intuitionistic logic loses its categoricity, whereas classical logic keeps it. I also consider Holliday’s fundamental logic, Goldblatt’s orthologic, and some other related logics.