Re-strategizing for ecosystem and operational efficiencies for higher global competitiveness and growth
摘要
The main focus of this article is to explore the impact of Business Ecosystems on SMEs aspiring to internationalize and reach global markets over time. The article starts with examining the early evolutionary path of ecosystems from the early suggestions of Arthur Tansley, who coined the term of “ecosystems” in 1935, to James Moore’s definition of Business Ecosystems in 1996 and Bradford De Long's observations in the early days of the 21st millennia on the interactive effects of ecosystems on business operations, which are still undergoing scholarly examinations and require our attention. It then examines the impact of how entrepreneurs have designed innovative ecosystem architecture in supporting their business success nationally and internationally. Similarly, it will examine how innovative business strategies and operations at inception and their evolution over time have given rise to an ecosystem that can augment their global competitiveness. The empirical evidence supporting the above mutual interactions traces the case studies of four iconic enterprises from inception, including Amazon.com, Apple Enterprise, Spotify.com, and Shopify.com, from their outset in some length and detail, each presenting its own particular operation reflecting its corresponding ecosystem. The derived lessons from the growth paths of the four focal case studies suggest potent and reliable strategic pathways for national SMEs to achieve successful growth globally. The discussions, conclusions, and implications present arguments suggesting that SMEs should learn from the rapidly growing firms and follow at least one modified pattern, or combine the potent strategic patterns of the four case studies for reaching the far corners of the world as rapidly as the focal case study firms have already and are on their way to becoming dominant multi-sided online platforms, forming their own supply chains and building their own loyal customers worldwide, fostering their high growth.