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Abstract <p><i>Callipogon relictus</i> Semenov, 1899 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a large saproxylic longhorn beetle and a globally endangered species legally protected in South Korea. Due to its long life cycle and limited population confined to the Gwangneung Forest, relevant biological and ecological data are sparse. We aimed to elucidate the ecological traits of <i>C</i>. <i>relictus</i> and the factors underlying its habitat restriction to the Gwangneung Forest using flight mill and radio tracking experiments. Flight mill experiments revealed an average flight distance of 8,300&#xa0;m, whereas radio tracking showed a significantly shorter average distance of 890&#xa0;m. Habitat preferences, including broadleaved forests, large sawtimber (DBH ≥ 30&#xa0;cm), and 6th age class stands (51–60 years), limit <i>C</i>. <i>relictus</i> to the Gwangneung Forest, where these habitat conditions are well preserved compared with surrounding areas. The habitat preferences confirmed through radio tracking were consistent with those identified at our field discovery sites of wild <i>C</i>. <i>relictus</i>. Although <i>C</i>. <i>relictus</i> possesses substantial flight capacity, its dispersal in natural environments is strongly constrained by habitat specialization, particularly a reliance on mature broadleaved forests with large sawtimber and 6th age class stands. This pattern is consistent with other saproxylic beetles showing limited movement despite adequate flight ability, highlighting the importance of habitat quality over area alone in fragmented landscapes.</p> Implications for insect conservation <p>Maintaining and reconnecting mature broadleaved stands (large sawtimber, 6th age class) surrounding the Gwangneung Forest may reduce <i>C. relictus</i> isolation by expanding suitable habitats and improving landscape connectivity.</p>

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Evaluating the flight capacity of Callipogon relictus Semenov (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) via flight mill and radio tracking

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Jun-Young Kang,
  • Moo-Sung Kim,
  • Da Jeong Son,
  • A Young Kim,
  • Il-Kwon Kim,
  • Chang-Jun Kim

摘要

Abstract

Callipogon relictus Semenov, 1899 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a large saproxylic longhorn beetle and a globally endangered species legally protected in South Korea. Due to its long life cycle and limited population confined to the Gwangneung Forest, relevant biological and ecological data are sparse. We aimed to elucidate the ecological traits of C. relictus and the factors underlying its habitat restriction to the Gwangneung Forest using flight mill and radio tracking experiments. Flight mill experiments revealed an average flight distance of 8,300 m, whereas radio tracking showed a significantly shorter average distance of 890 m. Habitat preferences, including broadleaved forests, large sawtimber (DBH ≥ 30 cm), and 6th age class stands (51–60 years), limit C. relictus to the Gwangneung Forest, where these habitat conditions are well preserved compared with surrounding areas. The habitat preferences confirmed through radio tracking were consistent with those identified at our field discovery sites of wild C. relictus. Although C. relictus possesses substantial flight capacity, its dispersal in natural environments is strongly constrained by habitat specialization, particularly a reliance on mature broadleaved forests with large sawtimber and 6th age class stands. This pattern is consistent with other saproxylic beetles showing limited movement despite adequate flight ability, highlighting the importance of habitat quality over area alone in fragmented landscapes.

Implications for insect conservation

Maintaining and reconnecting mature broadleaved stands (large sawtimber, 6th age class) surrounding the Gwangneung Forest may reduce C. relictus isolation by expanding suitable habitats and improving landscape connectivity.