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<p>Electrolytes for the fuel cell and supercapacitors are very vital in searching for green energy solutions for the demands on the energy scale. This paper presents the synthesis of zirconium oxide (Zr) and manganese-doped zirconium oxide (MnZr), which was further improved in binary composites with reduced graphene oxide (MnZr/rGO), and fullerene (MnZr/C60), by employing a sol–gel technique. XRD revealed a crystalline structure, while FTIR confirmed the presence of functional groups. SEM images showed uniform aggregation and I-V measurements indicated that all synthesized composites had an ohmic behavior. The state of elements is analyzed by using XPS, and BET analysis evaluates the pore radius and surface area. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to evaluate the electrochemical performances. Among the composites, MnZr/C60 delivered an excellent specific capacitance of 1296 F/g at 5 mV/s. These results indicate that MnZr/C60 nanocomposite materials might be of great use in further developing the technology of supercapacitors and the enhancement of energy storage performance.</p>

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Reduced graphene oxide and fullerene-coated Mn-Doped ZrO₂: A synergistic approach to advanced supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月20日

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  • Maria Sadiq,
  • Ahmad M. Saeedi,
  • Raed H. Althomali,
  • Gideon F. B. Solre,
  • Sana Ullah Asif,
  • Majed M. Alghamdi,
  • Adel A. El-Zahhar

摘要

Electrolytes for the fuel cell and supercapacitors are very vital in searching for green energy solutions for the demands on the energy scale. This paper presents the synthesis of zirconium oxide (Zr) and manganese-doped zirconium oxide (MnZr), which was further improved in binary composites with reduced graphene oxide (MnZr/rGO), and fullerene (MnZr/C60), by employing a sol–gel technique. XRD revealed a crystalline structure, while FTIR confirmed the presence of functional groups. SEM images showed uniform aggregation and I-V measurements indicated that all synthesized composites had an ohmic behavior. The state of elements is analyzed by using XPS, and BET analysis evaluates the pore radius and surface area. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to evaluate the electrochemical performances. Among the composites, MnZr/C60 delivered an excellent specific capacitance of 1296 F/g at 5 mV/s. These results indicate that MnZr/C60 nanocomposite materials might be of great use in further developing the technology of supercapacitors and the enhancement of energy storage performance.